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Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are a standard tool in causal modeling, but their suitability for capturing the complexity of large-scale multimodal data is questionable. In practice, real-world multimodal datasets are often collected from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yuhang Liu , Zhen Zhang , Dong Gong , Erdun Gao , Biwei Huang , Mingming Gong , Anton van den Hengel , Kun Zhang , Javen Qinfeng Shi

The paradigm of linear structural equation modeling readily allows one to incorporate causal feedback loops in the model specification. These appear as directed cycles in the common graphical representation of the models. However, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-16 Mathias Drton , Marina Garrote-López , Niko Nikov , Elina Robeva , Y. Samuel Wang

We consider learning the possible causal direction of two observed variables in the presence of latent confounding variables. Several existing methods have been shown to consistently estimate causal direction assuming linear or some type of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-05-21 Shohei Shimizu , Kenneth Bollen

Recent research is revealing how cognitive processes are supported by a complex interplay between the brain and the rest of the body, which can be investigated by the analysis of physiological features such as breathing rhythms, heart rate,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-10 Fernando E. Rosas , Diego Candia-Rivera , Andrea I Luppi , Yike Guo , Pedro A. M. Mediano

The subjective perception of emotion leads to inconsistent labels from human annotators. Typically, utterances lacking majority-agreed labels are excluded when training an emotion classifier, which cause problems when encountering ambiguous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Wen Wu , Bo Li , Chao Zhang , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Qiujia Li , Junwen Bai , Tara N. Sainath , Philip C. Woodland

Understanding emotional processing in the human brain requires examining the complex interactions between different brain regions. While previous studies have identified specific regions involved in emotion processing, a holistic network…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-13 Sepehr Gourabi , Parinaz Khosravani , Shahrzad Nosrat , Roya Mohammadi , Masoud Lotfalipour

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based emotion recognition plays a critical role in affective Brain-Computer Interfaces (aBCIs), yet its practical deployment remains limited by inter-subject variability, reliance on target-domain data, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Guangli Li , Canbiao Wu , Zhehao Zhou , Na Tian , Li Zhang , Zhen Liang

EEG is a non-invasive, safe, and low-risk method to record electrophysiological signals inside the brain. Especially with recent technology developments like dry electrodes, consumer-grade EEG devices, and rapid advances in machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Tri Duc Ly , Gia H. Ngo

Recent advances in neurosciences and psychology have provided evidence that affective phenomena pervade intelligence at many levels, being inseparable from the cognitionaction loop. Perception, attention, memory, learning, decisionmaking,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-09-30 Luis Paulo Reis , Daria Barteneva , Nuno Lau

We consider to learn a causal ordering of variables in a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model called LiNGAM. Several existing methods have been shown to consistently estimate a causal ordering assuming that all the model assumptions are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-04-10 Tatsuya Tashiro , Shohei Shimizu , Aapo Hyvarinen , Takashi Washio

Facial emotion recognition is the task to classify human emotions in face images. It is a difficult task due to high aleatoric uncertainty and visual ambiguity. A large part of the literature aims to show progress by increasing accuracy on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Maryam Matin , Matias Valdenegro-Toro

Understanding how distributed brain regions coordinate to produce behavior requires models that are both predictive and interpretable. We introduce Behavior-Adaptive Connectivity Estimation (BACE), an end-to-end framework that learns…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-27 Mehrnaz Asadi , Sina Javadzadeh , Rahil Soroushmojdehi , S. Alireza Seyyed Mousavi , Terence D. Sanger

A coupled map is suggested to investigate various spatial or temporal designs in biology: Several cells (or tissues) in an organ are considered as connected to each other in terms of some molecular diffusions or electrical potential…

General Physics · Physics 2011-06-07 Caglar Tuncay

The flow-based generative model is a deep learning generative model, which obtains the ability to generate data by explicitly learning the data distribution. Theoretically its ability to restore data is stronger than other generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Gao Xu , Yuanpeng Long , Siwei Liu , Lijia Yang , Shimei Xu , Xiaoming Yao , Kunxian Shu

Bayesian network is a frequently-used method for fault detection and diagnosis in industrial processes. The basis of Bayesian network is structure learning which learns a directed acyclic graph (DAG) from data. However, the search space…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Zhichao Chen , Zhiqiang Ge

EEG signals in emotion recognition absorb special attention owing to their high temporal resolution and their information about what happens in the brain. Different regions of brain work together to process information and meanwhile the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-24 Ensieh Khazaei , Hoda Mohammadzade

We present a novel deep learning-based framework to generate embedding representations of fine-grained emotions that can be used to computationally describe psychological models of emotions. Our framework integrates a contextualized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Yuting Guo , Jinho Choi

We report a scalable hybrid quantum-classical machine learning framework to build Bayesian networks (BN) that captures the conditional dependence and causal relationships of random variables. The generation of a BN consists of finding a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Radhakrishnan Balu , Ajinkya Borle

In the context of graphical causal discovery, we adapt the versatile framework of linear non-Gaussian acyclic models (LiNGAMs) to propose new algorithms to efficiently learn graphs that are polytrees. Our approach combines the Chow--Liu…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-16 Daniele Tramontano , Anthea Monod , Mathias Drton

Driving fatigue is a major contributor to traffic accidents and poses a serious threat to road safety. Electroencephalography (EEG) provides a direct measurement of neural activity, yet EEG-based fatigue recognition is hindered by strong…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yip Tin Po , Jianming Wang , Yutao Miao , Jiayan Zhang , Yunxu Zhao , Xiaomin Ouyang , Zhihong Li , Nevin L. Zhang