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We present a new perspective on the popular multi-class algorithmic techniques of one-vs-all and error correcting output codes. Rather than studying the behavior of these techniques for supervised learning, we establish a connection between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Maria Florina Balcan , Travis Dick , Yishay Mansour

While the theory of labelled well-quasi-order has received significant attention in the graph setting, it has not yet been considered in the context of permutation patterns. We initiate this study here, and show how labelled well quasi…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-06 Robert Brignall , Vincent Vatter

Chip-firing on a directed graph is a game in which chips, a discrete commodity, are placed on the vertices of the graph and are transferred between vertices. In this paper, we study a chip-firing game on the Hasse diagram of the lattice of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-15 Ryota Inagaki , Tanya Khovanova , Austin Luo

We introduce a natural variant of the parallel chip-firing game, called the diffusion game. Chips are initially assigned to vertices of a graph. At every step, all vertices simultaneously send one chip to each neighbour with fewer chips. As…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-06-22 C. Duffy , T. F. Lidbetter , M. E. Messinger , R. J. Nowakowski

Most proof systems for concurrent programs assume the underlying memory model to be sequentially consistent (SC), an assumption which does not hold for modern multicore processors. These processors, for performance reasons, implement…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-04-11 Chinmay Narayan , Shibashis Guha , S. Arun-Kumar

The parallel chip-firing game is a periodic automaton on graphs in which vertices "fire" chips to their neighbors. In 1989, Bitar conjectured that the period of a parallel chip-firing game with n vertices is at most n. Though this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-09 Tian-Yi Jiang

We prove that for a line perfect multigraph the chromatic index is equal to the list chromatic index. This is a generalization of Galvin's result on bipartite multigraphs. Soon after the first version was submitted to arxiv, I found out…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-09 Alexey Gordeev

A linear coloring of a graph is a proper coloring of the vertices of the graph so that each pair of color classes induce a union of disjoint paths. In this paper, we prove that for every connected graph with maximum degree at most three and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-06 Chun-Hung Liu , Gexin Yu

Consistency properties of concurrent computations, e.g., sequential consistency, linearizability, or eventual consistency, are essential for devising correct concurrent algorithms. In this paper, we present a logical formalization of such…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-05-13 Klaus v. Gleissenthall , Andrey Rybalchenko

The task of semi-supervised classification aims at assigning labels to all nodes of a graph based on the labels known for a few nodes, called the seeds. One of the most popular algorithms relies on the principle of heat diffusion, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Thomas Bonald , Nathan de Lara

This article aims to describe and explain the theoretical foundations of concurrent and set concurrent algorithms, considering an asynchronous shared memory system where any number of processes can crash. Verification of concurrent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Jose Damian Lopez Diaz

Proving linearizability of concurrent data structures is crucial for ensuring their correctness, but is challenging especially for implementations that employ sophisticated synchronization techniques. In this paper, we propose a new proof…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Tangliu Wen

The line graph of a graph with signed edges carries vertex signs. A vertex-signed graph is consistent if every circle (cycle, circuit) has positive vertex-sign product. Acharya, Acharya, and Sinha recently characterized line-consistent…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-21 Daniel C. Slilaty , Thomas Zaslavsky

Parallel Diffusion is a variant of Chip-Firing introduced in 2018 by Duffy et al. In Parallel Diffusion, chips move from places of high concentration to places of low concentration through a discrete-time process. At each time step, every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-13 Todd Mullen , Richard Nowakowski , Danielle Cox

We develop a theory of confluence of graphs. We describe an algorithm for proving that a given system of reduction rules for abstract graphs and graphs in surfaces is locally confluent. We apply this algorithm to show that each simple Lie…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2014-10-01 Adam S. Sikora , Bruce W. Westbury

We are interested in characterizing which classes of finite graphs are well-quasi-ordered by the induced subgraph relation. To that end, we devise an algorithm to decide whether a class of finite graphs well-quasi-ordered by the induced…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Aliaume Lopez

We prove that the product version of the 1-2-3 Conjecture, raised by Skowronek-Kazi{\'o}w in 2012, is true. Namely, for every connected graph with order at least 3, we prove that we can assign labels 1,2,3 to the edges in such a way that no…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Julien Bensmail , Hervé Hocquard , Dimitri Lajou , Éric Sopena

A prime labeling on a graph of order $m$ is an assignment of $\{ 1, 2, \ldots, m \}$ to the vertices of the graph such that each pair of adjacent vertices has coprime labels. The ladder of order $2n$ is the $2 \times n$ grid graph graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-08 Stephen J. Curran , M. A. Ollis

We continue our studies of burn-off chip-firing games from [Discrete Math. Theor. Comput. Sci. 15 (2013), no. 1, 121-132; MR3040546] and [Australas. J. Combin. 68 (2017), no. 3, 330-345; MR3656659]. The latter article introduced randomness…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-21 P. Mark Kayll , Dave Perkins

We investigate a special variant of chip-firing, in which we consider an infinite set of rooms on a number line, some of which are occupied by violinists. In a move, we take two violinists in adjacent rooms, and send one of them to the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-30 Tanya Khovanova , Rich Wang