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Bitcoin is a decentralised digital currency that relies on cryptography rather than trusted third parties such as central banks for its security. Underpinning the operation of the currency is a peer-to-peer (P2P) network that facilitates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-29 James Tapsell , Raja Naeem Akram , Konstantinos Markantonakis

Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have surged in popularity over the last decade. Although Bitcoin does not claim to provide anonymity for its users, it enjoys a public perception of being a `privacy-preserving' financial system. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Shaileshh Bojja Venkatakrishnan , Giulia Fanti , Pramod Viswanath

The recent development of payment channels and their extensions (e.g., state channels) provides a promising scalability solution for blockchains which allows untrusting parties to transact off-chain and resolve potential disputes via…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Bowen Liu , Pawel Szalachowski , Siwei Sun

Cryptocurrencies are distributed systems that allow exchanges of native (and non-) tokens among participants. The complete historical bookkeeping and its wide availability opens up an unprecedented possibility, i.e. that of understanding…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-12-02 Nicolò Vallarano , Claudio Tessone , Tiziano Squartini

Monitoring location updates from mobile users has important applications in many areas, ranging from public safety and national security to social networks and advertising. However, sensitive information can be derived from movement…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Gabriel Ghinita , Kien Nguyen , Mihai Maruseac , Cyrus Shahabi

Resource-constrained devices are unable to maintain a full copy of the Bitcoin Blockchain in memory. This paper proposes a bidirectional payment channel framework for IoT devices. This framework utilizes Bitcoin Lightning-Network-like…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Christopher Hannon , Dong Jin

When applying machine learning to sensitive data, one has to find a balance between accuracy, information security, and computational-complexity. Recent studies combined Homomorphic Encryption with neural networks to make inferences while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Alon Brutzkus , Oren Elisha , Ran Gilad-Bachrach

We present and validate a novel mathematical model of the blockchain mining process and use it to conduct an economic evaluation of the double-spend attack, which is fundamental to all blockchain systems. Our analysis focuses on the value…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-22 George Bissias , Brian Neil Levine , A. Pinar Ozisik , Gavin Andresen

The temporal aspect of blockchain transactions enables us to study the address's behavior and detect if it is involved in any illicit activity. However, due to the concept of change addresses (used to thwart replay attacks), temporal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Deepesh Chaudhari , Rachit Agarwal , Sandeep Kumar Shukla

Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency attracting a lot of interest both from the general public and researchers. There is an ongoing debate on the question of users' anonymity: while the Bitcoin protocol has been designed to ensure that the activity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Remy Cazabet , Baccour Rym , Latapy Matthieu , Cazabet Remy

Many blockchain networks aim to preserve the anonymity of validators in the peer-to-peer (P2P) network, ensuring that no adversary can link a validator's identifier to the IP address of a peer due to associated privacy and security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Lioba Heimbach , Yann Vonlanthen , Juan Villacis , Lucianna Kiffer , Roger Wattenhofer

Privacy of users in P2P networks goes far beyond their current usage and is a fundamental requirement to the adoption of P2P protocols for legal usage. In a climate of cold war between these users and anti-piracy groups, more and more users…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-04-12 Pere Manils , Chaabane Abdelberri , Stevens Le Blond , Mohamed Ali Kaafar , Claude Castelluccia , Arnaud Legout , Walid Dabbous

In this paper, we propose an algorithm that targets contamination and eavesdropping adversaries. We consider the case when the number of independent packets available to the eavesdropper is less than the multicast capacity of the network.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2008-05-16 Yejun Zhou , Hui Li , Jianfeng Ma

Bitcoin recently introduced a new protocol for the encryption of peer-to-peer (P2P) communication. The protocol, known as V2 P2P transport, represents a big step towards securing the overlay network against various previously-known attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Charmaine Ndolo , Florian Tschorsch

With the onset of the Information Era and the rapid growth of information technology, ample space for processing and extracting data has opened up. However, privacy concerns may stifle expansion throughout this area. The challenge of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Dhinakaran D , Joe Prathap P. M , Selvaraj D , Arul Kumar D , Murugeshwari B

Blockchain protocols are inherently limited in transaction throughput and latency. Recent efforts to address performance and scale blockchains have focused on off-chain payment channels. While such channels can achieve low latency and high…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-09 Joshua Lind , Ittay Eyal , Peter Pietzuch , Emin Gün Sirer

A common misconception among blockchain users is that pseudonymity guarantees privacy. The reality is almost the opposite. Every transaction one makes is recorded on a public ledger and reveals information about one's identity. Mixers, such…

Verifying the private liquidity state of Lightning Network (LN) channels is desirable for auditors, service providers, and network participants who need assurance of financial capacity. Current methods often lack robustness against a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Vikash Singh , Barrett Little , Philip Hayes , Max Fang , Matthew Khanzadeh , Alyse Killeen , Sam Abbassi

Leveraging a validated set of reconstructed Lightning Network topology snapshots spanning five years (2019-2023), we computed 47 computationally intensive metrics and network attributes, enabling a comprehensive analysis of the network's…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Danila Valko , Jorge Marx Gómez

Most permissionless blockchain networks run on peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, which offer flexibility and decentralization at the expense of performance (e.g., network latency). Historically, this tradeoff has not been a bottleneck for most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Weizhao Tang , Lucianna Kiffer , Giulia Fanti , Ari Juels