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A directed acyclic graph (DAG) partially represents the conditional independence structure among observations of a system if the local Markov condition holds, that is, if every variable is independent of its non-descendants given its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-10-28 Bastian Steudel , Nihat Ay

The discovery of causal relationships from observational data is very challenging. Many recent approaches rely on complexity or uncertainty concepts to impose constraints on probability distributions, aiming to identify specific classes of…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-09 Aramayis Dallakyan , Yang Ni

Learning the underlying Bayesian Networks (BNs), represented by directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), of the concerned events from purely-observational data is a crucial part of evidential reasoning. This task remains challenging due to the large…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-20 Danru Xu , Erdun Gao , Wei Huang , Menghan Wang , Andy Song , Mingming Gong

Discovery of causal relationships from observational data is an important problem in many areas. Several recent results have established the identifiability of causal DAGs with non-Gaussian and/or nonlinear structural equation models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-15 Bingling Wang , Qing Zhou

We consider a binary response which is potentially affected by a set of continuous variables. Of special interest is the causal effect on the response due to an intervention on a specific variable. The latter can be meaningfully determined…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-11 Federico Castelletti , Guido Consonni

We consider learning a causal ordering of variables in a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model called LiNGAM. Several existing methods have been shown to consistently estimate a causal ordering assuming that all the model assumptions are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-07-30 Tatsuya Tashiro , Shohei Shimizu , Aapo Hyvarinen , Takashi Washio

Discovering causal structure among a set of variables is a fundamental problem in many empirical sciences. Traditional score-based casual discovery methods rely on various local heuristics to search for a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Shengyu Zhu , Ignavier Ng , Zhitang Chen

Discovering the underlying Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) from time series observational data is highly challenging due to the dynamic nature and complex nonlinear interactions between variables. Existing methods typically search for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Jiajun Zhang , Boyang Qiang , Xiaoyu Guo , Weiwei Xing , Yue Cheng , Witold Pedrycz

Causal effect estimation from observational data is a fundamental task in empirical sciences. It becomes particularly challenging when unobserved confounders are involved in a system. This paper focuses on front-door adjustment -- a classic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Marcel Wienöbst , Benito van der Zander , Maciej Liśkiewicz

We formulate and analyze a graphical model selection method for inferring the conditional independence graph of a high-dimensional nonstationary Gaussian random process (time series) from a finite-length observation. The observed process…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-14 Nguyen Tran Quang , Alexander Jung

Causal models seek to unravel the cause-effect relationships among variables from observed data, as opposed to mere mappings among them, as traditional regression models do. This paper introduces a novel causal discovery algorithm designed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Saeed Mohseni-Sehdeh , Walid Saad

Real-world networks grow over time; statistical models based on node exchangeability are not appropriate. Instead of constraining the structure of the \textit{distribution} of edges, we propose that the relevant symmetries refer to the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Gecia Bravo-Hermsdorff , Lee M. Gunderson , Kayvan Sadeghi

Several causal discovery algorithms have been proposed. However, when the sample size is small relative to the number of variables, the accuracy of estimating causal graphs using existing methods decreases. And some methods are not feasible…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-06 Ming Cai , Hisayuki Hara

Causal discovery aims to uncover causal structure among a set of variables. Score-based approaches mainly focus on searching for the best Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) based on a predefined score function. However, most of them are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Wenqian Li , Yinchuan Li , Shengyu Zhu , Yunfeng Shao , Jianye Hao , Yan Pang

This work proposes an algorithmic framework to learn time-varying graphs from online data. The generality offered by the framework renders it model-independent, i.e., it can be theoretically analyzed in its abstract formulation and then…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Alberto Natali , Elvin Isufi , Mario Coutino , Geert Leus

Learning the structure of dependence relations between variables is a pervasive issue in the statistical literature. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) can represent a set of conditional independences, but different DAGs may encode the same set…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-15 Federico Castelletti , Stefano Peluso

For causal discovery in the presence of latent confounders, constraints beyond conditional independences exist that can enable causal discovery algorithms to distinguish more pairs of graphs. Such constraints are not well-understood yet. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Thijs van Ommen

A Bayesian network is a directed acyclic graph that represents statistical dependencies between variables of a joint probability distribution. A fundamental task in data science is to learn a Bayesian network from observed data.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Niels Grüttemeier , Christian Komusiewicz , Nils Morawietz

We develop terminology and methods for working with maximally oriented partially directed acyclic graphs (maximal PDAGs). Maximal PDAGs arise from imposing restrictions on a Markov equivalence class of directed acyclic graphs, or…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-20 Emilija Perković , Markus Kalisch , Maloes H. Maathuis

The width $k$ of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) $G = (V, E)$ equals the largest number of pairwise non-reachable vertices. Computing the width dates back to Dilworth's and Fulkerson's results in the 1950s, and is doable in quadratic time in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Manuel Cáceres , Massimo Cairo , Brendan Mumey , Romeo Rizzi , Alexandru I. Tomescu
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