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X-ray phase-contrast imaging offers enhanced sensitivity for weakly-attenuating materials, such as breast and brain tissue, but has yet to be widely implemented clinically due to high coherence requirements and expensive x-ray optics.…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-05-04 Serena Qinyun Z. Shi , Nadav Shapira , Peter B. Noël , Sebastian Meyer

Network alignment consists of finding a structure-preserving correspondence between the nodes of two correlated, but not necessarily identical, networks. This problem finds applications in a wide variety of fields, from the alignment of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Mikhail Hayhoe , Francisco Barreras , Hamed Hassani , Victor M. Preciado

Many phenomena taking place in the solar photosphere are controlled by plasma motions. Although the line-of-sight component of the velocity can be estimated using the Doppler effect, we do not have direct spectroscopic access to the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-02 A. Asensio Ramos , I. S. Requerey , N. Vitas

We present a highly compact run-time monitoring approach for deep computer vision networks that extracts selected knowledge from only a few (down to merely two) hidden layers, yet can efficiently detect silent data corruption originating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Florian Geissler , Syed Qutub , Michael Paulitsch , Karthik Pattabiraman

The introduction of lung cancer screening programs will produce an unprecedented amount of chest CT scans in the near future, which radiologists will have to read in order to decide on a patient follow-up strategy. According to the current…

A machine-learning non-contact method to determine the temperature of a laser gain medium via its laser emission with a trained few-layer neural net model is presented. The training of the feed-forward Neural Network (NN) enables the…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-31 Jakob Mannstadt , Arash Rahimi-Iman

With the increasing adoption of metal additive manufacturing (AM), researchers and practitioners are turning to data-driven approaches to optimise printing conditions. Cross-sectional images of melt tracks provide valuable information for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Aagam Shah , Reimar Weissbach , David A. Griggs , A. John Hart , Elif Ertekin , Sameh Tawfick

Despite their increasing popularity and success in a variety of supervised learning problems, deep neural networks are extremely hard to interpret and debug: Given and already trained Deep Neural Net, and a set of test inputs, how can we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Uday Singh Saini , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

In recent years, large convolutional neural networks have been widely used as tools for image deblurring, because of their ability in restoring images very precisely. It is well known that image deblurring is mathematically modeled as an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Davide Evangelista , Elena Morotti , Elena Loli Piccolomini , James Nagy

Over the years, computer vision researchers have spent an immense amount of effort on designing image features for the visual object recognition task. We propose to incorporate this valuable experience to guide the task of training deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Ming-Yu Liu , Arun Mallya , Oncel C. Tuzel , Xi Chen

Recent advancements in Artificial intelligence, especially deep learning, has changed many fields irreversibly by introducing state of the art methods for automation. Construction monitoring has not been an exception; as a part of…

We demonstrate that a deep neural network can significantly improve optical microscopy, enhancing its spatial resolution over a large field-of-view and depth-of-field. After its training, the only input to this network is an image acquired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Yair Rivenson , Zoltan Gorocs , Harun Gunaydin , Yibo Zhang , Hongda Wang , Aydogan Ozcan

Particle tracking is a powerful biophysical tool that requires conversion of large video files into position time series, i.e. traces of the species of interest for data analysis. Current tracking methods, based on a limited set of input…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-10-09 Jay M. Newby , Alison M. Schaefer , Phoebe T. Lee , M. Gregory Forest , Samuel K. Lai

We show that a coherent network of lasers exhibits emergent neural computing capabilities. The proposed scheme is built on harnessing the collective behavior of laser networks for storing a number of phase patterns as stable fixed points of…

Optics · Physics 2022-04-06 Mohammad-Ali Miri , Vinod Menon

Recording surgery in operating rooms is an essential task for education and evaluation of medical treatment. However, recording the desired targets, such as the surgery field, surgical tools, or doctor's hands, is difficult because the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Ryo Hachiuma , Tomohiro Shimizu , Hideo Saito , Hiroki Kajita , Yoshifumi Takatsume

We propose a reconfigurable hardware architecture for deep neural networks (DNNs) capable of online training and inference, which uses algorithmically pre-determined, structured sparsity to significantly lower memory and computational…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Sourya Dey , Yinan Shao , Keith M. Chugg , Peter A. Beerel

Neural networks with at least two hidden layers are called deep networks. Recent developments in AI and computer programming in general has led to development of tools such as Tensorflow, Keras, NumPy etc. making it easier to model and draw…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-30 Ruthvik Vaila , Denver Lloyd , Kevin Tetz

How to develop slim and accurate deep neural networks has become crucial for real- world applications, especially for those employed in embedded systems. Though previous work along this research line has shown some promising results, most…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Xin Dong , Shangyu Chen , Sinno Jialin Pan

Accurately tracking particles and determining their coordinate along the optical axis is a major challenge in optical microscopy, especially when extremely high precision is needed. In this study, we introduce a deep learning approach using…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Andrey Alexandrov , Giovanni Acampora , Giovanni De Lellis , Antonia Di Crescenzo , Chiara Errico , Daria Morozova , Valeri Tioukov , Autilia Vittiello

De-noising plays a crucial role in the post-processing of spectra. Machine learning-based methods show good performance in extracting intrinsic information from noisy data, but often require a high-quality training set that is typically…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-05-16 Dongchen Huang , Junde Liu , Tian Qian , Yi-feng Yang