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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities in mathematical and scientific tasks. To enhance complex reasoning, multi-agent systems have been proposed to harness the collective intelligence of LLM agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Zhenyu Bi , Meng Lu , Yang Li , Swastik Roy , Weijie Guan , Morteza Ziyadi , Xuan Wang

Multi-agent systems, where LLM agents communicate through free-form language, enable sophisticated coordination for solving complex cooperative tasks. This surfaces a unique safety problem when a group of agents forms a coalition and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various reasoning and generation tasks. However, their proficiency in complex causal reasoning, discovery, and estimation remains an area of active development, often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Adib Bazgir , Amir Habibdoust , Yuwen Zhang , Xing Song

In recent years, agents have become capable of communicating seamlessly via natural language and navigating in environments that involve cooperation and competition, a fact that can introduce social dilemmas. Due to the interleaving of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Maayan Orner , Oleg Maksimov , Akiva Kleinerman , Charles Ortiz , Sarit Kraus

Reaching consensus in urban planning is a complex process often hindered by prolonged negotiations, trade-offs, power dynamics, and competing stakeholder interests, resulting in inefficiencies and inequities. Advances in large language…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Jin Gao , Hanyong Xu , Luc Dao

Most AI systems today are designed to manage tasks and execute predefined steps. This makes them effective for process coordination but limited in their ability to engage in joint problem-solving with humans or contribute new ideas. We…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Kexin Quan , Dina Albassam , Mengke Wu , Zijian Ding , Jessie Chin

Multi-party Conversational Agents (MPCAs) are systems designed to engage in dialogue with more than two participants simultaneously. Unlike traditional two-party agents, designing MPCAs faces additional challenges due to the need to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Sagar Sapkota , Mohammad Saqib Hasan , Mubarak Shah , Santu Karmaker

Collections of interacting AI agents can form coalitions, creating emergent group-level organization that is critical for AI safety and alignment. However, observing agent behavior alone is often insufficient to distinguish genuine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Cameron Berg , Susan L. Schneider , Mark M. Bailey

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled a new class of agentic AI systems that reason, plan, and act by invoking external tools. However, most existing agentic architectures remain centralized and monolithic, limiting scalability,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ya-Ting Yang , Quanyan Zhu

Similar to what happens between humans in the real world, in open multi-agent systems distributed over the Internet, such as online social networks or wiki technologies, agents often form coalitions by agreeing to act as a whole in order to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-10-27 Matteo Cristani , Erisa Karafili , Luca Viganò

This paper studies how to design a platform to optimally control constrained multi-agent systems with a single coordinator and multiple strategic agents. In our setting, the agents cannot apply control inputs and only the coordinator…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Pedro Hespanhol , Anil Aswani

We consider multi-agent argumentation, where each agent's view of the arguments is encoded as an argumentation framework (AF). Then we study deliberative processes than can occur on this basis. We think of a deliberative process as taking…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-08-08 Truls Pedersen , Sjur Dyrkolbotn

In the case of the two-person zero-sum stochastic game with a central controller, this paper proposes a best collaborative behavior search and selection algorithm based on reinforcement learning, in response to how to choose the best…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Yunkai Wang , Shenhan Jia , Zexi Chen , Zheyuan Huang , Rong Xiong

Agentic AI aims to create systems that set their own goals, adapt proactively to change, and refine behavior through continuous experience. Recent advances suggest that, when facing multiple and unforeseen tasks, agents could benefit from…

Existing approaches to coalition formation often assume that requirements associated with tasks are precisely specified by the human operator. However, prior work has demonstrated that humans, while extremely adept at solving complex…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Anusha Srikanthan , Harish Ravichandar

Collaborative decision making in multi-agent systems typically requires a predefined communication protocol among agents. Usually, agent-level observations are locally processed and information is exchanged using the predefined protocol,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Homagni Saha , Vijay Venkataraman , Alberto Speranzon , Soumik Sarkar

One of the key challenges for multi-agent learning is scalability. In this paper, we introduce a technique for speeding up multi-agent learning by exploiting concurrent and incremental experience sharing. This solution adaptively identifies…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Dan Garant , Bruno da Silva , Victor Lesser , Chongjie Zhang

Multi-agent systems outperform single agent in complex collaborative tasks. However, in large-scale scenarios, ensuring timely information exchange during decentralized task execution remains a challenge. This work presents an online…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Junjie Wang , Meng Guo , Zhongkui Li

Strategies for orchestrating the interactions between multiple agents, both human and artificial, can wildly overestimate performance and underestimate the cost of orchestration. We design a framework to orchestrate agents under realistic…

It is an amazing fact that remarkably complex behaviors could emerge from a large collection of very rudimentary dynamical agents through very simple local interactions. However, it still remains elusive on how to design these local…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2011-01-13 Mohammad Karimadini , Hai Lin