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We propose a general pipeline to automate the extraction of labels from radiology reports using large language models, which we validate on spinal MRI reports. The efficacy of our labelling method is measured on five distinct conditions:…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-08 Robin Y. Park , Rhydian Windsor , Amir Jamaludin , Andrew Zisserman

This paper introduces a new web-based software tool for annotating text, Text Annotation Graphs, or TAG. It provides functionality for representing complex relationships between words and word phrases that are not available in other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Angus G. Forbes , Kristine Lee , Gus Hahn-Powell , Marco A. Valenzuela-Escárcega , Mihai Surdeanu

Malware developers use combinations of techniques such as compression, encryption, and obfuscation to bypass anti-virus software. Malware with anti-analysis technologies can bypass AI-based anti-virus software and malware analysis tools.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Jong-Wouk Kim , Yang-Sae Moon , Mi-Jung Choi

Machine Learning (ML)-based detectors are becoming essential to counter the proliferation of malware. However, common ML algorithms are not designed to cope with the dynamic nature of real-world settings, where both legitimate and malicious…

With the increasing popularity of Android in the last decade, Android is popular among users as well as attackers. The vast number of android users grabs the attention of attackers on android. Due to the continuous evolution of the variety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Shubham Shakya , Mayank Dave

Malwares are continuously growing in sophistication and numbers. Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been achieved in anti-malware mechanisms. However, several pressing issues (e.g., unknown malware samples detection) still need…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Zahid Akhtar

Current methods focusing on medical image segmentation suffer from incorrect annotations, which is known as the noisy label issue. Most medical image segmentation with noisy labels methods utilize either noise transition matrix,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Zicheng Wang , Zhen Zhao , Erjian Guo , Luping Zhou

Although anti-virus software has significantly evolved over the last decade, classic signature matching based on byte patterns is still a prevalent concept for identifying security threats. Anti-virus signatures are a simple and fast…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-10-20 Christian Wressnegger , Kevin Freeman , Fabian Yamaguchi , Konrad Rieck

Recent research has repeatedly shown that machine learning techniques can be applied to either whole files or file fragments to classify them for analysis. We build upon these techniques to show that for samples of un-labeled compiled…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-08 John Clemens

Finding meaningful clusters in drive-by-download malware data is a particularly difficult task. Malware data tends to contain overlapping clusters with wide variations of cardinality. This happens because there can be considerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Renato Cordeiro de Amorim , Carlos David Lopez Ruiz

Timely analysis of cyber-security information necessitates automated information extraction from unstructured text. While state-of-the-art extraction methods produce extremely accurate results, they require ample training data, which is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-06-11 Robert A. Bridges , Corinne L. Jones , Michael D. Iannacone , Kelly M. Testa , John R. Goodall

Malicious software are categorized into families based on their static and dynamic characteristics, infection methods, and nature of threat. Visual exploration of malware instances and families in a low dimensional space helps in giving a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Mohamed Nassar , Haidar Safa

The vast majority of today's mobile malware targets Android devices. This has pushed the research effort in Android malware analysis in the last years. An important task of malware analysis is the classification of malware samples into…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-05 Luca Massarelli , Leonardo Aniello , Claudio Ciccotelli , Leonardo Querzoni , Daniele Ucci , Roberto Baldoni

With the rapid advancement of machine learning (ML), ML-based Android malware detection has gained significant popularity due to its ability to automatically learn malicious patterns from Android apps. However, the lack of an in-depth and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiahao Liu , Jun Zeng , Fabio Pierazzi , Ziqi Yang , Lorenzo Cavallaro , Zhenkai Liang

Mobile malware has been growing in scale and complexity spurred by the unabated uptake of smartphones worldwide. Android is fast becoming the most popular mobile platform resulting in sharp increase in malware targeting the platform.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Suleiman Y. Yerima , Sakir Sezer , Gavin McWilliams

Modern malware typically makes use of a domain generation algorithm (DGA) to avoid command and control domains or IPs being seized or sinkholed. This means that an infected system may attempt to access many domains in an attempt to contact…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Ryan R. Curtin , Andrew B. Gardner , Slawomir Grzonkowski , Alexey Kleymenov , Alejandro Mosquera

Constructing supervised machine learning models for real-world video analysis require substantial labeled data, which is costly to acquire due to scarce domain expertise and laborious manual inspection. While data programming shows promise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Jianben He , Xingbo Wang , Kam Kwai Wong , Xijie Huang , Changjian Chen , Zixin Chen , Fengjie Wang , Min Zhu , Huamin Qu

Audio tagging aims to infer descriptive labels from audio clips. Audio tagging is challenging due to the limited size of data and noisy labels. In this paper, we describe our solution for the DCASE 2018 Task 2 general audio tagging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Kele Xu , Boqing Zhu , Qiuqiang Kong , Haibo Mi , Bo Ding , Dezhi Wang , Huaimin Wang

This paper describes a multi-feature dataset for training machine learning classifiers for detecting malicious Windows Portable Executable (PE) files. The dataset includes four feature sets from 18,551 binary samples belonging to five…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Muhammad Irfan Yousuf , Izza Anwer , Tanzeela Shakir , Minahil Siddiqui , Maysoon Shahid

Deep neural networks are being applied in many tasks with encouraging results, and have often reached human-level performance. However, deep neural networks are vulnerable to well-designed input samples called adversarial examples. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Dang Duy Thang , Toshihiro Matsui