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We propose a conditional non-autoregressive neural sequence model based on iterative refinement. The proposed model is designed based on the principles of latent variable models and denoising autoencoders, and is generally applicable to any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Jason Lee , Elman Mansimov , Kyunghyun Cho

Non-autoregressive models generate target words in a parallel way, which achieve a faster decoding speed but at the sacrifice of translation accuracy. To remedy a flawed translation by non-autoregressive models, a promising approach is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Pan Xie , Zhi Cui , Xiuyin Chen , Xiaohui Hu , Jianwei Cui , Bin Wang

Non-Autoregressive Neural Machine Translation (NAT) has achieved significant inference speedup by generating all tokens simultaneously. Despite its high efficiency, NAT usually suffers from two kinds of translation errors: over-translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Yong Shan , Yang Feng , Chenze Shao

Generative modeling of high-dimensional data is a key problem in machine learning. Successful approaches include latent variable models and autoregressive models. The complementary strengths of these approaches, to model global and local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Thomas Lucas , Jakob Verbeek

Non-Autoregressive Transformer (NAT) aims to accelerate the Transformer model through discarding the autoregressive mechanism and generating target words independently, which fails to exploit the target sequential information.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Chenze Shao , Yang Feng , Jinchao Zhang , Fandong Meng , Xilin Chen , Jie Zhou

Non-autoregressive models greatly improve decoding speed over typical sequence-to-sequence models, but suffer from degraded performance. Infilling and iterative refinement models make up some of this gap by editing the outputs of a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-28 Ethan A. Chi , Julian Salazar , Katrin Kirchhoff

In real-world systems, scaling has been critical for improving the translation quality in autoregressive translation (AT), which however has not been well studied for non-autoregressive translation (NAT). In this work, we bridge the gap by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Zhihao Wang , Longyue Wang , Jinsong Su , Junfeng Yao , Zhaopeng Tu

Although neural machine translation models reached high translation quality, the autoregressive nature makes inference difficult to parallelize and leads to high translation latency. Inspired by recent refinement-based approaches, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Raphael Shu , Jason Lee , Hideki Nakayama , Kyunghyun Cho

Non-autoregressive translation models (NAT) have achieved impressive inference speedup. A potential issue of the existing NAT algorithms, however, is that the decoding is conducted in parallel, without directly considering previous context.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Bingzhen Wei , Mingxuan Wang , Hao Zhou , Junyang Lin , Jun Xie , Xu Sun

In sequence-to-sequence Transformer ASR, autoregressive (AR) models achieve strong accuracy but suffer from slow decoding, while non-autoregressive (NAR) models enable parallel decoding at the cost of degraded performance. We propose a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Hao Yen , Pin-Jui Ku , Ante Jukić , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. However, the substantial number of parameters in LLMs contributes to significant latency during model inference. This is particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Pengfei Wu , Jiahao Liu , Zhuocheng Gong , Qifan Wang , Jinpeng Li , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Dongyan Zhao

In this work, we introduce a novel local autoregressive translation (LAT) mechanism into non-autoregressive translation (NAT) models so as to capture local dependencies among tar-get outputs. Specifically, for each target decoding position,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Xiang Kong , Zhisong Zhang , Eduard Hovy

We explore deep autoregressive Transformer models in language modeling for speech recognition. We focus on two aspects. First, we revisit Transformer model configurations specifically for language modeling. We show that well configured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Kazuki Irie , Albert Zeyer , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Non-autoregressive machine translation (NAT) models have lower translation quality than autoregressive translation (AT) models because NAT decoders do not depend on previous target tokens in the decoder input. We propose a novel and general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Jiaao Zhan , Qian Chen , Boxing Chen , Wen Wang , Yu Bai , Yang Gao

Transformers process tokens in parallel but are temporally shallow: at position $t$, each layer attends to key-value pairs computed based on the previous layer, yielding a depth capped by the number of layers. Recurrent models offer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Costin-Andrei Oncescu , Depen Morwani , Samy Jelassi , Alexandru Meterez , Mujin Kwun , Sham Kakade

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for long-content generation (e.g., long Chain-of-Thought reasoning) where decoding efficiency becomes a critical bottleneck: Autoregressive decoding is inherently limited by its sequential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zhepei Wei , Wei-Lin Chen , Xinyu Zhu , Yu Meng

Existing approaches to neural machine translation are typically autoregressive models. While these models attain state-of-the-art translation quality, they are suffering from low parallelizability and thus slow at decoding long sequences.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Chunqi Wang , Ji Zhang , Haiqing Chen

Recently, Transformer-based encoder-decoder models have demonstrated strong performance in multilingual speech recognition. However, the decoder's autoregressive nature and large size introduce significant bottlenecks during inference.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-28 Yunkyu Lim , Jihwan Park , Hyung Yong Kim , Hanbin Lee , Byeong-Yeol Kim

State-of-the-art sequence-to-sequence models often require autoregressive decoding, which can be highly expensive. However, for some downstream tasks such as out-of-distribution (OOD) detection and resource allocation, the actual decoding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Yassir Fathullah , Puria Radmard , Adian Liusie , Mark J. F. Gales

Non-autoregressive (NAR) models can generate sentences with less computation than autoregressive models but sacrifice generation quality. Previous studies addressed this issue through iterative decoding. This study proposes using nearest…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Ayana Niwa , Sho Takase , Naoaki Okazaki