Related papers: Nanostructure Accelerators: Novel concept and path…
Positron creation and acceleration is one of the major challenges for constructing future lepton colliders. On the one hand, conventional technology can provide a solution, but at a prohibitive cost and scale. On the other hand,…
Hafnium Nitride (HfN) is a promising and very robust alternative to gold for applications of nanoscale metals. Details of the nanomorphology related to variations in strain states and optical properties can be crucial for applications in…
Plasma wakefield acceleration, either laser driven or electron-bunch driven, has been demonstrated to hold great potential. However, it is not obvious how to scale these approaches to bring particles up to the TeV regime. In this paper, we…
The widespread use of high energy particle beams in basic research, medicine and coherent X-ray generation coupled with the large size of modern radio frequency (RF) accelerator devices and facilities has motivated a strong need for…
Experiments on the Large Hadron Collider at CERN represent our furthest excursion yet along the energy frontier of particle physics. The goal of probing physical processes at the TeV energy scale puts strict requirements on the performance…
Significant effort has been expended in the search for materials with ultra-fast nonlinear-optical susceptibilities, but most fall far below the fundamental limits. This work applies a theoretical materials development program that has…
It is shown that nanotubes with thicker walls can be grown from strongly bonded multi-layered structures only in accord with some basic crystallographic principles. Either the diameters of such tubes remain large in comparison with the…
The physics of two-dimensional (2D) materials and heterostructures based on such crystals has been developing extremely fast. With new 2D materials, truly 2D physics has started to appear (e.g. absence of long-range order, 2D excitons,…
Recently it was proposed to apply a bent single crystal with decreasing curvature instead of uniform bending for improvement of extraction and collimation of a circulating beam in particle accelerators. In the given paper created crystal…
The relevant length scales for superconductivity are of the order of nanometers. By confining the superconducting condensate to such dimensions, many physical properties change substantially, and novel phenomena emerge, which are absent in…
The next ten years promise to be a particularly exciting decade for high energy neutrino astrophysics. The frontier of TeV and PeV energy is presently being tackled by large, expandable arrays constructed in open water or ice. Detectors…
The only invariant speed in special relativity is c; therefore, if some neutrinos travel at even tiny speeds above c, normal special relativity is incomplete and any superluminal speed may be possible. I derive a limit on superluminal…
We propose using current and future large-volume neutrino telescopes as ``Large Neutrino Colliders" (L$\nu$Cs) to explore TeV-scale physics beyond the Standard Model. Cosmic neutrinos with energies above 100 PeV colliding with nucleons in…
We point out that even the most intense laser beams available today can provide only a very small fraction of the beam energy required to reach the design luminosity for a future e+e- linear collider. This fact seems to have been overlooked…
The ability to control the polarization of light at the extreme nanoscale has long been a major scientific and technological goal for photonics. Here we predict the phenomenon of polarization splitting through van der Waals heterostructures…
Materials used in commercial D-T fusion reactors will be exposed to irradiation and a mixture of helium and hydrogen plasma. Modeling the microstructural evolution of such materials requires the use of large-scale molecular dynamics…
Due to its simplicity and efficiency, the first-order gradient method has been extensively employed in training neural networks. Although the optimization problem of the neural network is non-convex, recent research has proved that the…
Light can exert forces on objects, promising to propel a meter-scale lightsail to near the speed of light. The key to address many challenges in such an ambition hinges on the nanostructuring of lightsails to tailor their optical scattering…
Heterostructures constructed from two-dimensional building blocks have shown promise for field-effect transistors, memory devices, photosensors and other electronic applications1,2. 2D nanosheet crystals can be constructed into multilayer…
The extraordinary one-dimensional properties of carbon nanotubes have captivated scientists and engineers since their discovery in the early 1990s. In particular, semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are highly promising for…