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Insider threat is one of the most pernicious threat vectors to information and communication technologies (ICT)across the world due to the elevated level of trust and access that an insider is afforded. This type of threat can stem from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Nidhi Rastogi , Qicheng Ma

We propose a provably correct Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) algorithm for solving risk-aware Markov decision processes (MDPs) with entropic risk measure (ERM) objectives. We provide a non-asymptotic analysis of our proposed algorithm,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Pedro P. Santos , Jacopo Silvestrin , Alberto Sardinha , Francisco S. Melo

In this paper, a new learning algorithm for adaptive network intrusion detection using naive Bayesian classifier and decision tree is presented, which performs balance detections and keeps false positives at acceptable level for different…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-07-15 Dewan Md. Farid , Nouria Harbi , Mohammad Zahidur Rahman

Malicious domains are part of the landscape of the internet but are becoming more prevalent and more dangerous to both companies and individuals. They can be hosted on variety of technologies and serve an array of content, ranging from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Amanda Thomson , Leandros Maglaras , Naghmeh Moradpoor

Identifying threats in a network traffic flow which is encrypted is uniquely challenging. On one hand it is extremely difficult to simply decrypt the traffic due to modern encryption algorithms. On the other hand, passing such an encrypted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Syed Muhammad Kumail Raza , Juan Caballero

Machine learning and neural networks have become increasingly popular solutions for encrypted malware traffic detection. They mine and learn complex traffic patterns, enabling detection by fitting boundaries between malware traffic and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Susu Cui , Cong Dong , Meng Shen , Yuling Liu , Bo Jiang , Zhigang Lu

Improvements in diffusion models have boosted the quality of image generation, which has led researchers, companies, and creators to focus on improving watermarking algorithms. This provision would make it possible to clearly identify the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Alexander Varlamov , Daria Diatlova , Egor Spirin

Wireless networks that are decentralized and communicate without using existing infrastructure are known as mobile ad-hoc networks. The most common sorts of threats and attacks can affect MANETs. Therefore, it is advised to utilize…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-24 S. M. Udhaya Sankar , D. Dhinakaran , C. Cathrin Deboral , M. Ramakrishnan

Tree models are very widely used in practice of machine learning and data mining. In this paper, we study the problem of model integrity authentication in tree models. In general, the task of model integrity authentication is the design \&…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Weijie Zhao , Yingjie Lao , Ping Li

Lateral movement is a crucial component of advanced persistent threat (APT) attacks in networks. Attackers exploit security vulnerabilities in internal networks or IoT devices, expanding their control after initial infiltration to steal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jiajun Zhou , Jiacheng Yao , Xuanze Chen , Shanqing Yu , Qi Xuan , Xiaoniu Yang

Complex multi-step attacks have caused significant damage to numerous critical infrastructures. To detect such attacks, graph neural network based methods have shown promising results by modeling the system's events as a graph. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Wei Liu , Peng Gao , Haotian Zhang , Ke Li , Weiyong Yang , Xingshen Wei , Jiwu Shu

When a network is attacked, cyber defenders need to precisely identify which systems (i.e., computers or devices) were compromised and what damage may have been inflicted. This process is sometimes referred to as cyber triage and is an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Eric Ficke , Raymond M. Bateman , Shouhuai Xu

Malicious email attachments are a growing delivery vector for malware. While machine learning has been successfully applied to portable executable (PE) malware detection, we ask, can we extend similar approaches to detect malware across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Ethan M. Rudd , Richard Harang , Joshua Saxe

Large language models achieve strong reasoning performance, yet existing decoding strategies either explore blindly (random sampling) or redundantly (independent multi-sampling). We propose Entropy-Tree, a tree-based decoding method that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Longxuan Wei , Yubo Zhang , Zijiao Zhang , Zhihu Wang , Shiwan Zhao , Tianyu Huang , Huiting Zhao , Chenfei Liu , Shenao Zhang , Junchi Yan

The goal of this note is to assess whether simple machine learning algorithms can be used to determine whether and how a given network has been attacked. The procedure is based on the $k$-Nearest Neighbor and the Random Forest…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-08-30 Davide Coppes , Paolo Cermelli

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) in domains such as smart cities, transportation, and industrial systems has heightened the urgency of addressing their security vulnerabilities. IoT devices often operate under limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jake Lyon , Ehsan Saeedizade , Shamik Sengupta

Behavior Trees constitute a widespread AI tool which has been successfully spun out in robotics. Their advantages include simplicity, modularity, and reusability of code. However, Behavior Trees remain a high-level decision making engine;…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Pilar de la Cruz , Justus Piater , Matteo Saveriano

An increasing amount of Internet traffic has its content encrypted. We address the question of whether it is possible to predict the activities taking place over an encrypted channel, in particular Microsoft's Remote Desktop Protocol. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-07 L. Lapczyk , D. B. Skillicorn

Trojan attack on deep neural networks, also known as backdoor attack, is a typical threat to artificial intelligence. A trojaned neural network behaves normally with clean inputs. However, if the input contains a particular trigger, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Chong Fu , Xuhong Zhang , Shouling Ji , Ting Wang , Peng Lin , Yanghe Feng , Jianwei Yin

Network threat detection has been challenging due to the complexities of attack activities and the limitation of historical threat data to learn from. To help enhance the existing practices of using analytics, machine learning, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Lili Zhang , Quanyan Zhu , Herman Ray , Ying Xie