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Our motivating goal is factorization in Krull Domains $H$ with finitely generated class group $G$. The elasticity $\rho(H)$ is the maximal number of atoms in any re-factorization of a product of $k$ atoms. The elasticities are the same as…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-24 David J. Grynkiewicz

We discuss interrelations between: Cohn localizations of full square matrices; a Leavitt localization of a row; and the Jacobson quasi-inverses of quasi-regular elements. The latter Jacobson localizations appear naturally and easily in…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Pham Ngoc Anh

We describe a unitary matrix model which is constructed from discrete analogs of the usual projective modules over the noncommutative torus and use it to construct a lattice version of noncommutative gauge theory. The model is a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 J. Ambjorn , Y. M. Makeenko , J. Nishimura , R. J. Szabo

Suppose that X to Y is a generically finite map of nonsingular varieties over a field of characteristic zero, and v is a valuation of the function field of X. We prove that it is possible to perform a sequence of monoidal transforms X' to X…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Steven Dale Cutkosky

We show that any homomorphism between Noetherian $F$-finite rings can be factored into a regular morphism between Noetherian $F$-finite rings followed by a surjection. This result establishes an analog of the 'smooth-by-surjective'…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-01-17 Manuel Blickle , Daniel Fink

A module over a ring $R$ is pure projective provided it is isomorphic to a direct summand of a direct sum of finitely presented modules. We develop tools for the classification of pure projective modules over commutative noetherian rings.…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-11-10 Dolors Herbera , Pavel Příhoda , Roger Wiegand

We prove that the factorization of a saturated fusion system over a discrete $p$-toral group as a product of indecomposable subsystems is unique up to normal automorphisms of the fusion system and permutations of the factors. In particular,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-08 Bob Oliver

In an atomic, cancellative, commutative monoid $S$, the elasticity of an element provides a coarse measure of its non-unique factorizations by comparing the largest and smallest values in its set of factorization lengths (called its length…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-15 Thomas Barron , Christopher O'Neill , Roberto Pelayo

We develop a systematic framework for constructing all-bands-flat (ABF) lattice Hamiltonians that explicitly break time-reversal symmetry (TRS). By threading magnetic flux through disconnected polygonal plaquettes and applying local…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Rohit Kishan Ray , Carlo Danieli , Alexei Andreanov , Sergej Flach

We give an explicit description of factorization algebras over the affine line, constructing them from the gluing data determined by its corresponding OPE algebra. We then generalize this construction to factorization monoids, obtaining a…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2022-09-22 Juan Guzmán

The category $STROP_m$ of supertropical monoids, whose morphisms are transmissions, has the full--reflective subcategory $STROP$ of commutative semirings. In this setup, quotients are determined directly by equivalence relations, as ideals…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-08-21 Zur Izhakian , Manfred Knebusch

In this paper we study the concept of radical factorization in the context of abstract ideal theory in order to obtain a unified approach to the theory of factorization into radical ideals and elements in the literature of commutative…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-06-25 Bruce Olberding , Andreas Reinhart

We introduce `braidability' as a new symmetry for (infinite) sequences of noncommutative random variables related to representations of the braid group $B_\infty$. It provides an extension of exchangeability which is tied to the symmetric…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2009-11-13 Rolf Gohm , Claus Köstler

The aim of this paper is to develop a theory of finite transformation monoids and in particular to study primitive transformation monoids. We introduce the notion of orbitals and orbital digraphs for transformation monoids and prove a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-04-20 Benjamin Steinberg

We give the definition of Lazard and Hall sets in the context of transitive factorizations of free monoids. The equivalence of the two properties is proved. This allows to build new effective bases of free partially commutative Lie…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Gérard Henry Edmond Duchamp , Jean-Gabriel Luque , Marianne Deboysson-Flouret

Let $\mathcal C$ be a class of modules over a ring $R$, closed under direct sums over index sets of cardinality $\kappa$ and isomorphisms, and such that the isomorphism classes form a set. The monoid of modules $V(\mathcal C)$ encodes the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-01-17 Zahra Nazemian , Daniel Smertnig

We treat equivariant completions of toric contraction morphisms as an application of the toric Mori theory. For this purpose, we generalize the toric Mori theory for non-$\mathbb Q$-factorial toric varieties. So, our theory seems to be…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Osamu Fujino

In this paper we study factorising twists of the massless AdS_3 and AdS_2 integrable R-matrices, and explore the programme of analysis of form factors which Maillet et al developed for ordinary spin-chains. We derive the factorising twists…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-10-17 Alessandro Torrielli

Left-modularity is a concept that generalizes modularity in lattice theory. In this paper, we give a characterization of left-modular elements and derive two formulae for the characteristic polynomial of a lattice with such an element, one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Shu-Chung Liu , Bruce Sagan

A finite simple graph $\Gamma$ determines a quotient $P_\Gamma$ of the pure braid group, called a graphic arrangement group. We analyze homomorphisms of these groups defined by deletion of sets of vertices, using methods developed in prior…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-09-10 Daniel C Cohen , Michael J Falk