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An accurate, closed-form expression evaluating the nonlinear interference (NLI) power in coherent optical transmission systems in the presence of inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) is derived. The analytical result enables a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-22 Daniel Semrau , Robert I. Killey , Polina Bayvel

Ultra-wideband fiber optical transmission suffers from both Kerr nonlinearity and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). Mathematical models that address the interplay between Kerr nonlinearity and SRS exist. These models are based on the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-04 Hami Rabbani , Gabriele Liga , Vinicius Oliari , Lotfollah Beygi , Erik Agrell , Magnus Karlsson , Alex Alvarado

A Gaussian noise (GN) model is presented that properly accounts for an arbitrary frequency dependent signal power profile along the link. This enables the evaluation of the impact of inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) on the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-04 Daniel Semrau , Polina Bayvel

A closed-form model for the nonlinear interference (NLI) in Raman amplified links is presented, the formula accounts for both forward (FW) and backward (BW) pumping schemes and inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) effect. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-30 H. Buglia , M. Jarmolovicius , L. Galdino , R. I. Killey , P. Bayvel

The throughput gains of extending the optical transmission bandwidth to the S+C+L-band are quantified using a Gaussian Noise model that accounts for inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS). The impact of potential ISRS mitigation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-17 Daniel Semrau , Eric Sillekens , Robert I. Killey , Polina Bayvel

A closed-form formula is derived, which corrects for the modulation format dependence of the Gaussian Noise (GN) model in the presence of inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS). The analytical result enables a rapid estimate of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-23 Daniel Semrau , Eric Sillekens , Robert I. Killey , Polina Bayvel

In optical communications, the Raman effect is exploited for its lasing properties in distributed Raman amplification (DRA) and leads to spectral distortions through inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS). In single-mode fibers,…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-13 Lucas Alves Zischler , Antonio Mecozzi , Cristian Antonelli

Nonlinear Fourier transform (NFT) and eigenvalue communication with the use of nonlinear signal spectrum (both discrete and continuous), have been recently discussed as a promising transmission method to combat fiber nonlinearity…

A general theory of nonlinear signal-noise interactions for wavelength division multiplexed fiber-optic coherent transmission systems is presented. This theory is based on the regular perturbation treatment of the nonlinear Schrodinger…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Amirhossein Ghazisaeidi

Wideband systems experience significant inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) and channel-dependent losses. Due to the non-uniform attenuation profile, the combined effects of ISRS and fiber loss can only be accurately estimated…

Stimulated Raman scattering is a well-known nonlinear process that can be harnessed to produce optical gain in a wide variety of media. This effect has been used to produce the first silicon-based lasers and high-gain amplifiers.…

Optics · Physics 2008-10-13 D. R. Solli , P. Koonath , B. Jalali

Nonlinear optics in photonic integrated circuits is usually limited to utilizing the nonlinearity of a single material. In this work, we demonstrate the use of hybrid optical nonlinearities that occur in two different materials. This…

The interplay of such cornerstones of modern nonlinear fiber optics as a nonlinearity, stochasticity and polarization leads to variety of the noise induced instabilities including polarization attraction and escape phenomena harnessing of…

Spontaneous Raman scattering (SpRS) is a weak non-linear effect, particularly relevant to classical-quantum coexistence transmission and sensing applications. In classical transmission, the relevant Raman effect is stimulated Raman…

The enhanced Gaussian noise (EGN) model, which accounts for inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS), has been extensively utilized for evaluating nonlinear interference (NLI) within the C+L band. Compared to closed-form expressions…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Ruiyang Xia , Guanjun Gao , Zanshan Zhao , Haoyu Wang , Kun Wen , Daobin Wang

The enhanced Gaussian noise (EGN) model is widely used for estimating the nonlinear interference (NLI) power accumulated in coherent fiber-optic transmission systems. Given a fixed fiber link, under the assumption that transmitted symbols…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Kaiquan Wu , Gabriele Liga , Marco Secondini , Stella Civelli , Hussam Batshon , Greg Raybon , Xi Chen , Alex Alvarado

In linear communication channels, spectral components (modes) defined by the Fourier transform of the signal propagate without interactions with each other. In certain nonlinear channels, such as the one modelled by the classical nonlinear…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-22 Son Thai Le , Jaroslaw E. Prilepsky , Sergei K. Turitsyn

We investigate the effects of delayed Raman response on pulse dynamics in massive multichannel optical fiber communication systems. Taking into account the stochastic nature of pulse sequences in different frequency channels and the Raman…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-11 Avner Peleg

An analytical model to estimate nonlinear performance in ultra-wideband optical transmission networks is presented. The model accurately accounts for inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering, variably loaded fibre spans and is validated…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-31 Daniel Semrau , Eric Sillekens , Robert I. Killey , Polina Bayvel

To date, two types of coupling between electromagnetic radiation and a crystal lattice have been identified experimentally. One is direct, for infrared (IR)-active vibrations that carry an electric dipole. The second is indirect, it occurs…

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