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Currently, we have only limited means to probe the presence of planets at large orbital separations. Foreman-Mackey et al. searched for long-period transiting planets in the Kepler light curves using an automated pipeline. Here, we apply…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-17 Miranda K. Herman , Wei Zhu , Yanqin Wu

Aims: We predict the exoplanet yield of a space-based mid-infrared nulling interferometer using Monte Carlo simulations. We quantify the number and properties of detectable exoplanets and identify those target stars that have the highest or…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 J. Kammerer , S. P. Quanz

We analyze 8 years of precise radial velocity measurements from the Keck Planet Search, characterizing the detection threshold, selection effects, and completeness of the survey. We carry out a systematic search for planets by assessing the…

The Kepler and K2 missions enabled robust calculations of planet occurrence rates around FGKM-type stars. However, these missions observed too few stars with earlier spectral types to tightly constrain the occurrence rates of planets…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-24 Steven Giacalone , Courtney D. Dressing

Exoplanet occurrence rates facilitate comparisons between observations of planets and theoretical models of planet formation. Despite their deductive power, exoplanet occurrence rates for half the stars in the sky are missing because…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-05 Kendall Sullivan , Anne Dattilo , Natalie M. Batalha

(abridged) We develop Bayesian methods and detection criteria for orbital fitting, and revise the detectability of exoplanets in light of the in-flight properties of Gaia. Limiting ourselves to one-planet systems as a first step of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-13 Piero Ranalli , David Hobbs , Lennart Lindegren

Population studies of Kepler's multi-planet systems have revealed a surprising degree of structure in their underlying architectures. Information from a detected transiting planet can be combined with a population model to make predictions…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-03 Matthias Y. He , Eric B. Ford , Darin Ragozzine

Surveys searching for transiting exoplanets have found many more candidates than they have been able to confirm as true planets. This situation is especially acute with the Kepler survey, which has found over 2300 candidates but has…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Timothy D. Morton

One core goal of the Kepler mission was to determine the frequency of Earth-like planets that orbit Sun-like stars. Accurately estimating this planet occurrence rate requires both a well-vetted list of planets and a clear understanding of…

We present an improved estimate of the occurrence rate of small planets orbiting small stars by searching the full four-year Kepler data set for transiting planets using our own planet detection pipeline and conducting transit injection and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Courtney D. Dressing , David Charbonneau

We use the optical and near-infrared photometry from the Kepler Input Catalog to provide improved estimates of the stellar characteristics of the smallest stars in the Kepler target list. We find 3897 dwarfs with temperatures below 4000K,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Courtney D. Dressing , David Charbonneau

The NASA Kepler mission has revolutionised time-domain astronomy and has massively expanded the number of known extrasolar planets. However, the effect of wide multiplicity on exoplanet occurrence has not been tested with this dataset. We…

The ongoing High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Search (HARPS) has found that 30-50% of GK dwarfs in the solar neighborhood host planets with sub-Neptune masses in orbits of P < 50 days. At first glance, this overall occurrence rate seems…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-08-31 A. Wolfgang , G. Laughlin

We investigate potential biases in the measurements of exoplanet orbital parameters obtained from radial velocity observations for single-planet systems. We create a mock catalog of radial velocity data, choosing input planet masses,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Nadia L. Zakamska , Margaret Pan , Eric B. Ford

The Kepler mission observed thousands of transiting exoplanet candidates around hundreds of thousands of FGK dwarf stars. He, Ford, & Ragozzine (2019) (arXiv:1907.07773) applied forward modeling to infer the distribution of intrinsic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-10 Matthias Y. He , Eric B. Ford , Darin Ragozzine

The Kepler Mission has discovered thousands of exoplanets and revolutionized our understanding of their population. This large, homogeneous catalog of discoveries has enabled rigorous studies of the occurrence rate of exoplanets and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 Daniel Foreman-Mackey , Timothy D. Morton , David W. Hogg , Eric Agol , Bernhard Schölkopf

We present occurrence rates for rocky planets in the habitable zones (HZ) of main-sequence dwarf stars based on the Kepler DR25 planet candidate catalog and Gaia-based stellar properties. We provide the first analysis in terms of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-06 Steve Bryson , Michelle Kunimoto , Ravi K. Kopparapu , Jeffrey L. Coughlin , William J. Borucki , David Koch , Victor Silva Aguirre , Christopher Allen , Geert Barentsen , Natalie. M. Batalha , Travis Berger , Alan Boss , Lars A. Buchhave , Christopher J. Burke , Douglas A. Caldwell , Jennifer R. Campbell , Joseph Catanzarite , Hema Chandrasekharan , William J. Chaplin , Jessie L. Christiansen , Jorgen Christensen-Dalsgaard , David R. Ciardi , Bruce D. Clarke , William D. Cochran , Jessie L. Dotson , Laurance R. Doyle , Eduardo Seperuelo Duarte , Edward W. Dunham , Andrea K. Dupree , Michael Endl , James L. Fanson , Eric B. Ford , Maura Fujieh , Thomas N. Gautier , John C. Geary , Ronald L Gilliland , Forrest R. Girouard , Alan Gould , Michael R. Haas , Christopher E. Henze , Matthew J. Holman , Andrew Howard , Steve B. Howell , Daniel Huber , Roger C. Hunter , Jon M. Jenkins , Hans Kjeldsen , Jeffery Kolodziejczak , Kipp Larson , David W. Latham , Jie Li , Savita Mathur , Soren Meibom , Chris Middour , Robert L. Morris , Timothy D. Morton , Fergal Mullally , Susan E. Mullally , David Pletcher , Andrej Prsa , Samuel N. Quinn , Elisa V. Quintana , Darin Ragozzine , Solange V. Ramirez , Dwight T. Sanderfer , Dimitar Sasselov , Shawn E. Seader , Megan Shabram , Avi Shporer , Jeffrey C. Smith , Jason H. Steffen , Martin Still , Guillermo Torres , John Troeltzsch , Joseph D. Twicken , Akm Kamal Uddin , Jeffrey E. Van Cleve , Janice Voss , Lauren Weiss , William F. Welsh , Bill Wohler , Khadeejah A Zamudio

The Kepler DR25 planet candidate catalog was produced using an automated method of planet candidate identification based on various tests. These tests were tuned to obtain a reasonable but arbitrary balance between catalog completeness and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 Steve Bryson , Jeffrey L. Coughlin , Michelle Kunimoto , Susan E. Mullally

The questions of how planets form and how common Earth-like planets are can be addressed by measuring the distribution of exoplanet masses and orbital periods. We report the occurrence rate of close-in planets (with orbital periods less…

We present a framework to conservatively estimate the probability that any particular planet-like transit signal observed by the Kepler mission is in fact a planet, prior to any ground-based follow-up efforts. We use Monte Carlo methods…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Timothy D. Morton , John Asher Johnson