Related papers: Conceptual remote distance measurement with a doub…

The performance of distance-based classifiers heavily depends on the underlying distance metric, so it is valuable to learn a suitable metric from the data. To address the problem of multimodality, it is desirable to learn local metrics. In…

Precise measurement of the angular deviation of an object is a common task in science and technology. Many methods use light for this purpose. Some of these exploit interference effects to achieve technological advantages, such as…

Parallax measurements allow distances to celestial objects to be determined. Coupled with measurement of their position on the celestial sphere, it gives a full three-dimensional picture of the location of the objects relative to the…

We discuss the problem of how to calculate the distance between two cosmological objects given their redshifts and angular separation on the sky. Although of a fundamental nature, this problem and its solution seem to lack a detailed…

Large constellations of artificial satellites are beginning to interfere with astronomical observing. Visual magnitude measurements of these spacecraft are useful for monitoring and characterizing their brightness. This paper describes the…

Based on the luminosity-distance diagram, we propose a method to quickly estimate the luminosity function for any certain astrophysical objects. Giving the mean distance between any two objects at a given luminosity range, we can find the…

We study the validity of cosmic distance duality relation between angular diameter and luminosity distances. To test this duality relation we use the latest Union2 Supernovae Type Ia (SNe Ia) data for estimating the luminosity distance. The…

The purpose of this paper is to give a survey on the notions of distance between subsets either of a metric space or of a measure space, including definitions, a classification, and a discussion of the best-known distance functions, which…

The formal division of the distance indicators into primary and secondary leads to difficulties in description of methods which can actually be used in two ways: with, and without the support of the other methods for scaling. Thus instead…

The relative phase between spatially separated component waves of a single photon can be measured by joint interference with a second photon emitted by a known source. In the case of a single such phase (i.e. two component waves), the…

With growing success in experimental implementations it is critical to identify a "gold standard" for quantum information processing, a single measure of distance that can be used to compare and contrast different experiments. We enumerate…

Astrometry is a powerful technique in astrophysics to measure three-dimensional positions of stars and other astrophysical objects, including exoplanets and the gravitational influence they have on each other. Interferometric astrometry is…

We show that the dipole of the luminosity distance is a useful observational tool which allows us to determine the Hubble parameter as a function of the redshift H(z). We determine the number of supernovae needed to achieve a given…

We report on experimental measurement of the Hilbert-Schmidt distance between two two-qubit states by many-particle interference. We demonstrate that our three-step method for measuring distances in Hilbert space is far less complex than…

Some modified two-slit interference experiments were carried out showing an apparent paradox in wave-particle duality. In a typical such experiment, the screen, where the interference pattern is supposed to be formed, is replaced by a…

We perform a nonlocal double-slit interference experiment with pseudothermal light. The experimental result exhibits a typical double-slit interference fringe in the intensity correlation measurement, in agreement with the theoretical…

Observing artificial satellites is a relatively new and unique branch of astronomy that is very interesting and dynamic. One specific aspect of observing these objects is that although they appear amongst the celestial background, as…

The well-known two-slit interference is understood as a special relation between observable (localization at the slits) and state (being on both slits). Relation between an observable and a quantum state is investigated in the general case.…

Real-world data typically contain a large number of features that are often heterogeneous in nature, relevance, and also units of measure. When assessing the similarity between data points, one can build various distance measures using…

The use of time--like geodesics to measure temporal distances is better justified than the use of space--like geodesics for a measurement of spatial distances. We give examples where a ''spatial distance'' cannot be appropriately determined…