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In this paper we develop a theory of convexity for a free Abelian group M (the lattice of integer points), which we call theory of discrete convexity. We characterize those subsets X of the group M that could be call "convex". One property…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 V. I. Danilov , G. A. Koshevoy

Pseudodiagrams are diagrams of knots where some information about which strand goes over/under at certain crossings may be missing. Pseudoknots are equivalence classes of pseudodiagrams, with equivalence defined by a class of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2013-05-29 Allison Henrich , Slavik Jablan

A 2-group is a `categorified' version of a group, in which the underlying set G has been replaced by a category and the multiplication map m: G x G -> G has been replaced by a functor. A number of precise definitions of this notion have…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aaron D. Lauda

The notion of a bimodule herd is introduced and studied. A bimodule herd consists of a $B$-$A$ bimodule, its formal dual, called a pen, and a map, called a shepherd, which satisfies untiality and coassociativity conditions. It is shown that…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2008-06-10 Tomasz Brzezinski , Joost Vercruysse

The moduli space of triangles is a two-dimensional space that records triangle shapes in the plane, considered up to similarity. We study the subset corresponding to \textit{lattice triangles}, which are triangles whose vertices have…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Aahana Aggarwal , Subhojoy Gupta , Ajay K. Nair

It is shown that there exists a particular associative ring with unity of order 16 such that the relations between nonunimodular free cyclic submodules of its two-dimensional free left module can be expressed in terms of the structure of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-05 Metod Saniga , Edyta Bartnicka

Measuring comodules are defined and shown to provide a useful generalization of the set of maps between modules with a broad range of applications. Three applications are described. Connections on bundles are described in terms of measuring…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Marjorie Batchelor

Particle Dobble is an open-access, gamified learning tool designed to address persistent misconceptions in particle physics education by symbolically representing elements of the Standard Model. Aimed at upper secondary and introductory…

Physics Education · Physics 2026-03-02 Lukas Mientus , Anna Ruechel , Karsten Kalke , Andreas Borowski

This paper provides a preparatory introduction to torsors, written with a view toward later applications in the author's work. Rather than aiming at a comprehensive survey, the exposition focuses on those aspects of torsors that are most…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Takao Inoué

We define a simplicial category called the category of derived manifolds. It contains the category of smooth manifolds as a full discrete subcategory, and it is closed under taking arbitrary intersections in a manifold. A derived manifold…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-12-19 David I. Spivak

There is a relationship between the Borromean rings, the icosahedron and something called the Poincar\'e homology sphere. This relationship is explored in a wandering path that introduces fundamental ideas from topology and a geometric…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2020-09-22 Dave Auckly

An arrangement of pseudocircles is a finite set of oriented closed Jordan curves each two of which cross each other in exactly two points. To describe the combinatorial structure of arrangements on closed orientable surfaces, in (Linhart,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ronald Ortner

The holomorph of a discrete group $G$ is the universal semi-direct product of $G$. In chapter 1 we describe why it is an interesting object and state main results. In chapter 2 we recall the classical definition of the holomorph as well as…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Maria S. Voloshina

A quantum set is defined to be simply a set of nonzero finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. Together with binary relations, essentially the quantum relations of Weaver, quantum sets form a dagger compact category. Functions between quantum…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2021-10-13 Andre Kornell

It is shown that commutator identities on associative algebras generate solutions of linearized integrable equations. Next, a special kind of the dressing procedure is suggested that in a special class of integral operators enables to…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2008-11-26 A. K. Pogrebkov

Clustering a graph, i.e., assigning its nodes to groups, is an important operation whose best known application is the discovery of communities in social networks. Graph clustering and community detection have traditionally focused on…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-01-09 Cecile Bothorel , Juan David Cruz , Matteo Magnani , Barbora Micenkova

This is an expository book on unitary representations of topological groups, and of several dual spaces, which are spaces of such representations up to some equivalence. The most important notions are defined for topological groups, but a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-17 Bachir Bekka , Pierre de la Harpe

Can the cross product be generalized? Why are the trace and determinant so important in matrix theory? What do all the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial represent? This paper describes a technique for `doodling' equations from…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-12-14 Elisha Peterson

In [1] we introduced the concept of structured space, which is a topological space that locally resembles some algebraic structures. In [2] we proceeded the study of these spaces, developing two cohomology theories. The aim of this paper is…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-04-28 Manuel Norman

The commuting graph of a group $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the elements of $G$, two distinct vertices joined if they commute. Our purpose in this paper is twofold: we discuss the computational problem of deciding whether a given…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-29 V. Arvind , Xuanlong Ma , Peter J. Cameron , Natalia V. Maslova