Related papers: Gibbardian Collapse and Trivalent Conditionals
The logic of constant domains is intuitionistic logic extended with the so-called forall-shift axiom, a classically valid statement which implies the excluded middle over decidable formulas. Surprisingly, this logic is constructive and so…
Conditional independence is a crucial concept supporting adequate modelling and efficient reasoning in probabilistics. In knowledge representation, the idea of conditional independence has also been introduced for specific formalisms, such…
We establish the Subgradient Theorem for monotone correspondences -- a monotone correspondence is equal to the subdifferential of a potential if and only if it is conservative, i.e. its integral along a closed path vanishes irrespective of…
We prove completeness of preferential conditional logic with respect to convexity over finite sets of points in the Euclidean plane. A conditional is defined to be true in a finite set of points if all extreme points of the set interpreting…
This paper is devoted to the characterization of differentially flat nonlinear systems in implicit representation, after elimination of the input variables, in the differential geometric framework of manifolds of jets of infinite order. We…
Lifted inference algorithms exploit symmetries in probabilistic models to speed up inference. They show impressive performance when calculating unconditional probabilities in relational models, but often resort to non-lifted inference when…
The aim of this article is to generalize logics of formal inconsistency ($\textbf{LFI}$s) to systems dealing with the concept of incompatibility, expressed by means of a binary connective. The basic idea is that having two incompatible…
Two types of explanations have been receiving increased attention in the literature when analyzing the decisions made by classifiers. The first type explains why a decision was made and is known as a sufficient reason for the decision, also…
The testimony and practice of notable mathematicians indicate that there is an important phenomenological and epistemological difference between superficial and deep analogies in mathematics. In this paper, we offer a descriptive theory of…
We aim to find conditions on two Hilbert space operators $A$ and $B$ under which the expression $AX-XB$ having low rank forces the operator $X$ itself to admit a good low rank approximation. It is known that this can be achieved when $A$…
The so-called paradoxes of material implication have motivated the development of many non-classical logics over the years \cite{aA75,nB77,aA89,gP89,sH96}. In this note, we investigate some of these paradoxes and classify them, over minimal…
The Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem states that every non-dictatorial election rule among at least three alternatives can be strategically manipulated. We prove a quantitative version of the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem: a random…
We study abductive, causal, and non-causal conditionals in indicative and counterfactual formulations using probabilistic truth table tasks under incomplete probabilistic knowledge (N = 80). We frame the task as a probability-logical…
In previous works, a tableau calculus has been defined, which constitutes a decision procedure for hybrid logic with the converse and global modalities and a restricted use of the binder. This work shows how to extend such a calculus to…
We consider entailment problems involving powerful constraint languages such as frontier-guarded existential rules in which we impose additional semantic restrictions on a set of distinguished relations. We consider restricting a relation…
Hilbert's epsilon-calculus is based on an extension of the language of predicate logic by a term-forming operator $\epsilon_{x}$. Two fundamental results about the epsilon-calculus, the first and second epsilon theorem, play a role similar…
We prove that all valid Herbrand equalities can be inter-procedurally inferred for programs where all assignments whose right-hand sides depend on at most one variable are taken into account. The analysis is based on procedure summaries…
This paper presents a detailed proof of the triality theorem for a class of fourth-order polynomial optimization problems. The method is based on linear algebra but it solves an open problem on the double-min duality left in 2003. Results…
We study the bilateral trade problem: one seller, one buyer and a single, indivisible item for sale. It is well known that there is no fully-efficient and incentive compatible mechanism for this problem that maintains a balanced budget. We…
Counterfactual explanations are gaining prominence within technical, legal, and business circles as a way to explain the decisions of a machine learning model. These explanations share a trait with the long-established "principal reason"…