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We propose an extrinsic Bayesian optimization (eBO) framework for general optimization problems on manifolds. Bayesian optimization algorithms build a surrogate of the objective function by employing Gaussian processes and quantify the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-02 Yihao Fang , Mu Niu , Pokman Cheung , Lizhen Lin

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a widely used method for data-driven optimization that generally relies on zeroth-order data of objective function to construct probabilistic surrogate models. These surrogates guide the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Georgios Makrygiorgos , Joshua Hang Sai Ip , Ali Mesbah

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a principled framework for optimizing expensive black-box functions, with Expected Improvement (EI) among its most widely used acquisition functions. Despite its empirical success, EI is agnostic to first-order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Joshua Hang Sai Ip , Georgios Makrygiorgos , Ali Mesbah

In machine learning, nonconvex optimization problems with multiple local optimums are often encountered. Graduated Optimization Algorithm (GOA) is a popular heuristic method to obtain global optimums of nonconvex problems through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Li Chen , Shuisheng Zhou , Zhuan Zhang

Many real-world scientific and industrial applications require the optimization of expensive black-box functions. Bayesian Optimization (BO) provides an effective framework for such problems. However, traditional BO methods are prone to get…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zhuo Yang , Daolang Wang , Lingli Ge , Beilun Wang , Tianfan Fu , Yuqiang Li

Electromagnetismlike Optimization (EMO) is a global optimization algorithm, particularly well suited to solve problems featuring nonlinear and multimodal cost functions. EMO employs searcher agents that emulate a population of charged…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-21 Erik Cuevas , Diego Oliva , Daniel Zaldivar , Marco Perez , Gonzalo Pajares

We propose a quantum algorithm for `extremal learning', which is the process of finding the input to a hidden function that extremizes the function output, without having direct access to the hidden function, given only partial input-output…

In the field of global optimization, many existing algorithms face challenges posed by non-convex target functions and high computational complexity or unavailability of gradient information. These limitations, exacerbated by sensitivity to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-16 Xinyu Zhang , Sujit Ghosh

In the learning to learn (L2L) framework, we cast the design of optimization algorithms as a machine learning problem and use deep neural networks to learn the update rules. In this paper, we extend the L2L framework to zeroth-order (ZO)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Yangjun Ruan , Yuanhao Xiong , Sashank Reddi , Sanjiv Kumar , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Most of the existing Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) methods focus on learning a compatibility function between the image representation and class attributes. Few others concentrate on learning image representation combining local and global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Faisal Alamri , Anjan Dutta

Design optimization under uncertainty is notoriously difficult when the objective function is expensive to evaluate. State-of-the-art techniques, e.g, stochastic optimization or sampling average approximation, fail to learn exploitable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-20 Piyush Pandita , Ilias Bilionis , Jitesh Panchal

Large pre-trained language models (PLMs) have garnered significant attention for their versatility and potential for solving a wide spectrum of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the cost of running these PLMs may be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Chengcheng Han , Liqing Cui , Renyu Zhu , Jianing Wang , Nuo Chen , Qiushi Sun , Xiang Li , Ming Gao

Black-box optimization algorithms have been widely used in various machine learning problems, including reinforcement learning and prompt fine-tuning. However, directly optimizing the training loss value, as commonly done in existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Feiyang Ye , Yueming Lyu , Xuehao Wang , Masashi Sugiyama , Yu Zhang , Ivor Tsang

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms have been successfully applied to a range of challenging control tasks. However, these methods typically suffer from three core difficulties: temporal credit assignment with sparse rewards, lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Shauharda Khadka , Kagan Tumer

A key challenge in applying reinforcement learning (RL) to diffusion large language models (dLLMs) lies in the intractability of their likelihood functions, which are essential for the RL objective, necessitating corresponding approximation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Nianyi Lin , Jiajie Zhang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a popular approach to optimize expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions. A significant challenge in BO is to scale to high-dimensional parameter spaces while retaining sample efficiency. A solution considered…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-26 Benjamin Letham , Roberto Calandra , Akshara Rai , Eytan Bakshy

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a well-established method to optimize black-box functions whose direct evaluations are costly. In this paper, we tackle the problem of incorporating expert knowledge into BO, with the goal of further…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Daolang Huang , Louis Filstroff , Petrus Mikkola , Runkai Zheng , Samuel Kaski

In this work, we develop analysis and algorithms for a class of (stochastic) bilevel optimization problems whose lower-level (LL) problem is strongly convex and linearly constrained. Most existing approaches for solving such problems rely…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Prashant Khanduri , Ioannis Tsaknakis , Yihua Zhang , Sijia Liu , Mingyi Hong

Bilevel optimization methods are increasingly relevant within machine learning, especially for tasks such as hyperparameter optimization and meta-learning. Compared to the offline setting, online bilevel optimization (OBO) offers a more…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Jason Bohne , David Rosenberg , Gary Kazantsev , Pawel Polak

When equipped with efficient optimization algorithms, the over-parameterized neural networks have demonstrated high level of performance even though the loss function is non-convex and non-smooth. While many works have been focusing on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Zhiqi Bu , Shiyun Xu , Kan Chen