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Many natural phenomena are intrinsically causal. The discovery of the cause-effect relationships implicit in these processes can help us to understand and describe them more effectively, which boils down to causal discovery about the data…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-09 Jean Pierre Gomez

In social sciences and economics, causal inference traditionally focuses on assessing the impact of predefined treatments (or interventions) on predefined outcomes, such as the effect of education programs on earnings. Causal discovery, in…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-07-12 Martin Huber

Estimating causal effects from randomized experiments is only possible if participants are willing to disclose their potentially sensitive responses. Differential privacy, a widely used framework for ensuring an algorithms privacy…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-29 Adel Javanmard , Vahab Mirrokni , Jean Pouget-Abadie

A fundamental challenge in the empirical sciences involves uncovering causal structure through observation and experimentation. Causal discovery entails linking the conditional independence (CI) invariances in observational data to their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-04 Zihan Zhou , Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Murat Kocaoglu

Causality is essential for understanding complex systems, such as the economy, the brain, and the climate. Constructing causal graphs often relies on either data-driven or expert-driven approaches, both fraught with challenges. The former…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Kai-Hendrik Cohrs , Gherardo Varando , Emiliano Diaz , Vasileios Sitokonstantinou , Gustau Camps-Valls

Conditional independence (CI) tests are widely used in statistical data analysis, e.g., they are the building block of many algorithms for causal graph discovery. The goal of a CI test is to accept or reject the null hypothesis that $X…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-26 Iden Kalemaj , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan , Aaditya Ramdas

Causal discovery methods based on the PC algorithm are proven to be sound if all structural assumptions are fulfilled and all conditional independence tests are correct. This idealized setting is rarely given in real data. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-19 Sofia Faltenbacher , Jonas Wahl , Rebecca Herman , Jakob Runge

Differential privacy is the leading mathematical framework for privacy protection, providing a probabilistic guarantee that safeguards individuals' private information when publishing statistics from a dataset. This guarantee is achieved by…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-19 Yuki Ohnishi , Jordan Awan

Differential privacy has emerged as a gold standard in privacy-preserving data analysis. A popular variant is local differential privacy, where the data holder is the trusted curator. A major barrier, however, towards a wider adoption of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Joseph Geumlek , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Causal structure learning from observational data remains a non-trivial task due to various factors such as finite sampling, unobserved confounding factors, and measurement errors. Constraint-based and score-based methods tend to suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Rezaur Rashid , Jawad Chowdhury , Gabriel Terejanu

Identifying variables responsible for changes to a biological system enables applications in drug target discovery and cell engineering. Given a pair of observational and interventional datasets, the goal is to isolate the subset of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Menghua Wu , Umesh Padia , Sean H. Murphy , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Recent work has shown promising results in causal discovery by leveraging interventional data with gradient-based methods, even when the intervened variables are unknown. However, previous work assumes that the correspondence between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Gonçalo R. A. Faria , André F. T. Martins , Mário A. T. Figueiredo

Discovering frequent graph patterns in a graph database offers valuable information in a variety of applications. However, if the graph dataset contains sensitive data of individuals such as mobile phone-call graphs and web-click graphs,…

Databases · Computer Science 2013-03-05 Entong Shen , Ting Yu

Making evidence based decisions requires data. However for real-world applications, the privacy of data is critical. Using synthetic data which reflects certain statistical properties of the original data preserves the privacy of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Varun Chandrasekaran , Darren Edge , Somesh Jha , Amit Sharma , Cheng Zhang , Shruti Tople

Motivated by understanding the dynamics of sensitive social networks over time, we consider the problem of continual release of statistics in a network that arrives online, while preserving privacy of its participants. For our privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-20 Shuang Song , Susan Little , Sanjay Mehta , Staal Vinterbo , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Differential Privacy is the gold standard in privacy-preserving data analysis. This paper addresses the challenge of producing a differentially edge-private vertex coloring. In this paper, we present two novel algorithms to approach this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Michael Xie , Jiayi Wu , Dung Nguyen , Aravind Srinivasan

Causal discovery algorithms aim at untangling complex causal relationships from data. Here, we study causal discovery and inference methods based on staged tree models, which can represent complex and asymmetric causal relationships between…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-02 Manuele Leonelli , Gherardo Varando

Understanding which parts of a dynamical system cause each other is extremely relevant in fundamental and applied sciences. However, inferring causal links from observational data, namely without direct manipulations of the system, is still…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-06-27 Matteo Allione , Vittorio Del Tatto , Alessandro Laio

Causal discovery is a fundamental problem with applications spanning various areas in science and engineering. It is well understood that solely using observational data, one can only orient the causal graph up to its Markov equivalence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zihan Zhou , Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Murat Kocaoglu

Causal discovery in health data faces evaluation challenges when ground truth is unknown. We address this by collaborating with experts to construct proxy ground-truth graphs, establishing benchmarks for synthetic Alzheimer's disease and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Nitish Nagesh , Elahe Khatibi , Thomas Hughes , Mahdi Bagheri , Pratik Gajane , Amir M. Rahmani