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The increasing frequency of extreme temperature events, such as daily maximum temperature ($T_x$) records, underscores the need for robust tools to understand their drivers and predict their occurrence. Previous studies have identified…
Changing climate signals and the continuous world population growth requires proper hydrologic risk analysis to build and operate water resource infrastructures in a sustainable way. Although modernized computational facilities are becoming…
The conformal flow of metrics [2] has been used to successfully establish a special case of the Penrose inequality, which yields a lower bound for the total mass of a spacetime in terms of horizon area. Here we show how to adapt the…
Flood hazard mapping is essential for disaster prevention but remains challenging in data-scarce regions, where traditional hydrodynamic models require extensive geophysical inputs. This paper introduces \textit{ZeroFlood}, a framework that…
In this paper, we obtain the necessary equations in a conformal parameter induced by the first or second fundamental forms for a surface that is isometrically immersed in the warped product $\mathbb{R} \times_{f} \mathbb{M}^{2}(\kappa)$…
Floods are one of the most common natural disasters, with a disproportionate impact in developing countries that often lack dense streamflow gauge networks. Accurate and timely warnings are critical for mitigating flood risks, but…
Satellite altimetry, which measures water level with global coverage and high resolution, provides an unprecedented opportunity for a wide and refined understanding of the changing tides in the coastal area, but the sampling frequency is…
Estimating climate effects on future ocean storm severity is plagued by large uncertainties, yet for safe design and operation of offshore structures, best possible estimates of climate effects are required given available data. We explore…
Wind power is attracting increasing attention around the world due to its renewable, pollution-free, and other advantages. However, safely and stably integrating the high permeability intermittent power energy into electric power systems…
Global responses of the hydrological cycle to climate change have been widely studied but uncertainties of temperature responses to lower-tropospheric water vapor still remain. Here, we investigate the trends in global total precipitable…
Submesoscale processes, with spatio-temporal scales of O(0.01-10) km and hours to 1 day which are hardly resolved by current ocean models, are important sub-grid processes in ocean models. Due to the strong vertical currents, submesoscale…
We advance our prior energy- and flux-budget turbulence closure model (Zilitinkevich et al., 2007, 2008) for the stably stratified atmospheric flows and extend it accounting for additional vertical flux of momentum and additional…
We compare the available wind resources for conventional wind turbines and for airborne wind energy systems. Accessing higher altitudes and dynamically adjusting the harvesting operation to the wind resource substantially increases the…
Mechanisms such as ice-shelf hydrofracturing and ice-cliff collapse may rapidly increase discharge from marine-based ice sheets. Here, we link a probabilistic framework for sea-level projections to a small ensemble of Antarctic ice-sheet…
After the detection of gravitational waves caused by the coalescence of compact objects in the mass range of neutron stars, GW170817, several studies have searched for an imprint of tidal effects in the signal, employing different model…
We consider the two-dimensional water wave problem in the case where the free interface of the fluid meets a vertical wall at a possibly non-right angle; and where the free interface can be non-$C^1$ with angled crests. We assume that the…
Non-stationary time series modelling is applied to long tidal records from Esbjerg, Denmark, and coupled to climate change projections for sea-level and storminess, to produce projections of likely future sea-level maxima. The model has…
Artificial intelligence has advanced quantitative remote sensing, yet its effectiveness is constrained by imbalanced label distribution. This imbalance leads conventionally trained models to favor common samples, which in turn degrades…
Based on the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), we studied the percolation process of water on the Earth's land surface and discovered a universal discontinuous phase transition across scales, with a critical TWI threshold of 0.671 (0.054).…
Being infinite dimensional, non-parametric information geometry has long faced an "intractability barrier" due to the fact that the Fisher-Rao metric is now a functional incurring difficulties in defining its inverse. This paper introduces…