Related papers: The permanent tide and the International Height Re…
Real-time water-level monitoring across many locations is vital for flood response, infrastructure management, and environmental forecasting. Yet many sensing methods rely on fixed instruments - acoustic, radar, camera, or pressure probes -…
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are extreme weather events that play a crucial role in the global hydrological cycle. As a key mechanism of latent heat transport (LHT), they help maintain energy balance in the climate system. While an AR is…
Accurate prediction of tropical cyclones remains a major challenge for both numerical weather prediction and emerging artificial intelligence weather prediction systems. While recent global AI models have demonstrated strong skill in…
Improving and homogenizing time and space reference systems on Earth and, more directly, realizing the Terrestrial Reference Frame (TRF) with an accuracy of 1mm and a long-term stability of 0.1mm/year are relevant for many scientific and…
Numerical models have long been used to understand geoscientific phenomena, including tidal currents, crucial for renewable energy production and coastal engineering. However, their computational cost hinders generating data of varying…
This study corrects the hypsometric equation by restoring the nontraditional terms to relax the hydrostatic approximation. The nontraditional terms include one Coriolis term and two metric terms in the vertical momentum equation. The…
Future projections of Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) mass loss remain characterized by deep uncertainty (i.e., behavior is not well understood or widely agreed upon by experts). This complicates decisions on long-lived projects involving the…
Accurate forecasting of river water levels is vital for effectively managing traffic flow and mitigating the risks associated with natural disasters. This task presents challenges due to the intricate factors influencing the flow of a…
Groundwater level prediction is an applied time series forecasting task with important social impacts to optimize water management as well as preventing some natural disasters: for instance, floods or severe droughts. Machine learning…
Future sea-level rise poses nontrivial risks for many coastal communities. Managing these risks often relies on consensus projections like those provided by the IPCC. Yet, there is a growing awareness that the surrounding uncertainties may…
Significant wave height is one of the most important parameters characterizing ocean waves, and accurate numerical ocean wave forecasting is crucial for coastal protection and shipping. However, due to the randomness and nonlinearity of the…
To track rapid changes within our water sector, Global Water Models (GWMs) need to realistically represent hydrologic systems' response patterns - such as baseflow fraction - but are hindered by their limited ability to learn from data.…
The frequency of extreme flood events is increasing throughout the world. Daily, high-resolution (30m) Flood Inundation Maps (FIM) observed from space play a key role in informing mitigation and preparedness efforts to counter these extreme…
The realization of International Height Reference System (IHRS) is one of the major tasks of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). A main component of the IHRS realization is the global vertical datum unification, which requires…
Hydraulic geometry parameters describing river hydrogeomorphic is important for flood forecasting. Although well-established, power-law hydraulic geometry curves have been widely used to understand riverine systems and mapping flooding…
In this paper, we consider an incompressible viscous flow without surface tension in a finite-depth domain of three dimensions, with free top boundary and fixed bottom boundary. This system is governed by a Naiver-Stokes equation in above…
Accurate water level forecasting is crucial for managing ecosystems such as the Everglades, a subtropical wetland vital for flood mitigation, drought management, water resource planning, and biodiversity conservation. While recent advances…
Accurate wave height prediction is critical for maritime safety and coastal resilience, yet conventional physics-based models and traditional machine learning methods face challenges in computational efficiency and nonlinear dynamics…
Flash flood warnings are largely reactive, providing limited advance notice for evacuation planning and resource prepositioning. This study presents and validates an anticipatory, parametric framework that converts landscape vulnerability…
We study the two-dimensional gravity water waves with a one-dimensional interface with small initial data. Our main contributions include the development of two novel localization lemmas and a Transition-of-Derivatives method, which enable…