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Image classification is a primary task in data analysis where explainable models are crucially demanded in various applications. Although amounts of methods have been proposed to obtain explainable knowledge from the black-box classifiers,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Ruitao Xie , Jingbang Chen , Limai Jiang , Rui Xiao , Yi Pan , Yunpeng Cai

One of the biggest challenges for deep learning algorithms in medical image analysis is the indiscriminate mixing of image properties, e.g. artifacts and anatomy. These entangled image properties lead to a semantically redundant feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Qingjie Meng , Nick Pawlowski , Daniel Rueckert , Bernhard Kainz

Semantic segmentation of histopathology images under class imbalance is typically addressed through frequency-based loss reweighting, which implicitly assumes that rare classes are difficult. However, true difficulty also arises from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Lakmali Nadeesha Kumari , Sen-Ching Samson Cheung

Learning robust representations of authorial style is crucial for authorship attribution and AI-generated text detection. However, existing methods often struggle with content-style entanglement, where models learn spurious correlations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Hieu Man , Van-Cuong Pham , Nghia Trung Ngo , Franck Dernoncourt , Thien Huu Nguyen

Current developments in computer vision and deep learning allow to automatically generate hyper-realistic images, hardly distinguishable from real ones. In particular, human face generation achieved a stunning level of realism, opening new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Francesco Marra , Cristiano Saltori , Giulia Boato , Luisa Verdoliva

A good feature representation is the key to image classification. In practice, image classifiers may be applied in scenarios different from what they have been trained on. This so-called domain shift leads to a significant performance drop…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Zhize Wu , Changjiang Du , Le Zou , Ming Tan , Tong Xu , Fan Cheng , Fudong Nian , Thomas Weise

We present a method for neural network interpretability by combining feature attribution with counterfactual explanations to generate attribution maps that highlight the most discriminative features between pairs of classes. We show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Nils Eckstein , Alexander S. Bates , Gregory S. X. E. Jefferis , Jan Funke

Importance estimators are explainability methods that quantify feature importance for deep neural networks (DNN). In vision transformers (ViT), the self-attention mechanism naturally leads to attention maps, which are sometimes interpreted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Lennart Brocki , Jakub Binda , Neo Christopher Chung

Deep learning classifiers provide the most accurate means of automatically diagnosing diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its angiography (OCTA). The power of these models is attributable in part to the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-28 Pengxiao Zang , Tristan T. Hormel , Jie Wang , Yukun Guo , Steven T. Bailey , Christina J. Flaxel , David Huang , Thomas S. Hwang , Yali Jia

Existing deep network-based full-reference image quality assessment (FR-IQA) models typically work by performing pairwise comparisons of deep features from the reference and distorted images. In this paper, we approach this problem from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zhen Zhang , Jielei Chu , Tian Zhang , Lin Ma , Fengmao Lv , Weide Liu , Tianrui Li , Yuming Fang

Visual navigation requires a whole range of capabilities. A crucial one of these is the ability of an agent to determine its own location and heading in an environment. Prior works commonly assume this information as given, or use methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Moritz Lange , Raphael C. Engelhardt , Wolfgang Konen , Laurenz Wiskott

Medical image classification is one of the most critical problems in the image recognition area. One of the major challenges in this field is the scarcity of labelled training data. Additionally, there is often class imbalance in datasets…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-29 Khushboo Mehra , Hassan Soliman , Soumya Ranjan Sahoo

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are known for their ability to learn hierarchical structures, naturally developing detectors for objects, and semantic concepts within their deeper layers. Activation maps (AMs) reveal these saliency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Aray Karjauv , Sahin Albayrak

We investigate the problem of explainability for machine learning models, focusing on Feature Attribution Methods (FAMs) that evaluate feature importance through perturbation tests. Despite their utility, FAMs struggle to distinguish the…

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are able to learn mappings between simple, relatively low-dimensional, random distributions and points on the manifold of realistic images in image-space. The semantics of this mapping, however, are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Richard T. Marriott , Sami Romdhani , Liming Chen

Brain age transformation aims to convert reference brain images into synthesized images that accurately reflect the age-specific features of a target age group. The primary objective of this task is to modify only the age-related attributes…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-23 Junyeong Maeng , Kwanseok Oh , Wonsik Jung , Heung-Il Suk

The interpretation of deep learning models is a challenge due to their size, complexity, and often opaque internal state. In addition, many systems, such as image classifiers, operate on low-level features rather than high-level concepts.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-05 Been Kim , Martin Wattenberg , Justin Gilmer , Carrie Cai , James Wexler , Fernanda Viegas , Rory Sayres

Recent successes of deep learning-based recognition rely on maintaining the content related to the main-task label. However, how to explicitly dispel the noisy signals for better generalization in a controllable manner remains an open…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Xiaofeng Liu

Deep learning (DL) methods where interpretability is intrinsically considered as part of the model are required to better understand the relationship of clinical and imaging-based attributes with DL outcomes, thus facilitating their use in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-13 Irem Cetin , Maialen Stephens , Oscar Camara , Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester

As the request for deep learning solutions increases, the need for explainability is even more fundamental. In this setting, particular attention has been given to visualization techniques, that try to attribute the right relevance to each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Samuele Poppi , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara