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The learning from imbalanced data is a deeply studied problem in standard classification and, in recent times, also in multilabel classification. A handful of multilabel resampling methods have been proposed in late years, aiming to balance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-15 Francisco Charte , Antonio J. Rivera , María J. del Jesus , Francisco Herrera

A crucial requirement for machine learning algorithms is not only to perform well, but also to show robustness and adaptability when encountering novel scenarios. One way to achieve these characteristics is to endow the deep learning models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Eduardo Aguilar , Bogdan Raducanu , Petia Radeva

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection in multimodal contexts is essential for identifying deviations in combined inputs from different modalities, particularly in applications like open-domain dialogue systems or real-life dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Rena Gao , Xuetong Wu , Siwen Luo , Caren Han , Feng Liu

Partially-supervised multi-organ medical image segmentation aims to develop a unified semantic segmentation model by utilizing multiple partially-labeled datasets, with each dataset providing labels for a single class of organs. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Xixi Jiang , Dong Zhang , Xiang Li , Kangyi Liu , Kwang-Ting Cheng , Xin Yang

The ability to detect Out-of-Distribution (OOD) data is important in safety-critical applications of deep learning. The aim is to separate In-Distribution (ID) data drawn from the training distribution from OOD data using a measure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Guoxuan Xia , Christos-Savvas Bouganis

Automatic emotion recognition is an active research topic with wide range of applications. Due to the high manual annotation cost and inevitable label ambiguity, the development of emotion recognition dataset is limited in both scale and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-08 Jingjun Liang , Ruichen Li , Qin Jin

Semi-supervised learning is a challenging problem which aims to construct a model by learning from limited labeled examples. Numerous methods for this task focus on utilizing the predictions of unlabeled instances consistency alone to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Peng Tu , Yawen Huang , Feng Zheng , Zhenyu He , Liujun Cao , Ling Shao

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) has been an effective way to leverage abundant unlabeled data with extremely scarce labeled data. However, most SSL methods are commonly based on instance-wise consistency between different data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Zhuo Huang , Li Shen , Jun Yu , Bo Han , Tongliang Liu

Accessing machine learning models through remote APIs has been gaining prevalence following the recent trend of scaling up model parameters for increased performance. Even though these models exhibit remarkable ability, detecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Heeyoung Lee , Hoyoon Byun , Changdae Oh , JinYeong Bak , Kyungwoo Song

Numerous machine learning (ML) models have been developed, including those for software engineering (SE) tasks, under the assumption that training and testing data come from the same distribution. However, training and testing distributions…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yanfu Yan , Viet Duong , Huajie Shao , Denys Poshyvanyk

Semi-supervised learning addresses label scarcity and high annotation costs in medical image segmentation by exploiting the latent information in unlabeled data to enhance model performance. Traditional discriminative segmentation relies on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Kaiwen Huang , Yi Zhou , Yizhe Zhang , Jingxiong Li , Tao Zhou

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to detect testing samples far away from the in-distribution (ID) training data, which is crucial for the safe deployment of machine learning models in the real world. Distance-based OOD detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Haodong Lu , Dong Gong , Shuo Wang , Jason Xue , Lina Yao , Kristen Moore

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection lies at the heart of robust artificial intelligence (AI), aiming to identify samples from novel distributions beyond the training set. Recent approaches have exploited feature representations as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Tarhib Al Azad , Faizul Rakib Sayem , Shahana Ibrahim

Deep learning (DL)-based systems can exhibit unexpected behavior when exposed to out-of-distribution (OOD) scenarios, posing serious risks in safety-critical domains such as malware detection and autonomous driving. This underscores the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jingyu Zhang , Fan Wang , Jacky Keung , Yihan Liao , Yan Xiao , Lei Ma

Using unlabeled wild data containing both in-distribution (ID) and out-of-distribution (OOD) data to improve the safety and reliability of models has recently received increasing attention. Existing methods either design customized losses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chuanxing Geng , Qifei Li , Xinrui Wang , Dong Liang , Songcan Chen , Pong C. Yuen

Most existing deep learning models are trained based on the closed-world assumption, where the test data is assumed to be drawn i.i.d. from the same distribution as the training data, known as in-distribution (ID). However, when models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Yixin Liu , Kaize Ding , Huan Liu , Shirui Pan

Semi-supervised text classification (SSTC) has gained increasing attention due to its ability to leverage unlabeled data. However, existing approaches based on pseudo-labeling suffer from the issues of pseudo-label bias and error…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Henry Peng Zou , Cornelia Caragea

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is a critical task that has garnered significant attention. The emergence of CLIP has spurred extensive research into zero-shot OOD detection, often employing a training-free approach. Current methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Haoran Xu , Yanlin Liu , Zizhao Tong , Jiaze Li , Kexue Fu , Yuyang Zhang , Longxiang Gao , Shuaiguang Li , Xingyu Li , Yanran Xu , Changwei Wang

Long-tailed semi-supervised learning (LTSSL) represents a practical scenario for semi-supervised applications, challenged by skewed labeled distributions that bias classifiers. This problem is often aggravated by discrepancies between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Emanuel Sanchez Aimar , Nathaniel Helgesen , Yonghao Xu , Marco Kuhlmann , Michael Felsberg

Deep learning algorithms can fare poorly when the training dataset suffers from heavy class-imbalance but the testing criterion requires good generalization on less frequent classes. We design two novel methods to improve performance in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Kaidi Cao , Colin Wei , Adrien Gaidon , Nikos Arechiga , Tengyu Ma
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