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In many non-cooperative settings, agents often possess useful information that provide an advantage over their opponent(s), but acting on such information too frequently can lead to detection. I develop a simple framework to analyze such a…

General Economics · Economics 2024-12-17 Xiaoming Wang

In the classical principal-agent hidden-action contract model, a principal delegates the execution of a costly task to an agent. In order to complete the task, the agent chooses an action from a set of actions, where each potential action…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Tomer Ezra , Stefano Leonardi , Matteo Russo

Modern supply networks are complex interconnected systems. Multi-agent models are increasingly explored to optimise their performance. Most research assumes agents will have full observability of the system by having a single policy…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Wan Wang , Haiyan Wang , Adam Sobey

In this paper, we study belief elicitation about an uncertain future event, where the reports will affect a principal's decision. We study two problems that can arise in this setting: (1) Agents may have an interest in the outcome of the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Manuel Wuthrich , Mark York , David C. Parkes

In this paper we show how the relaxation techniques can be used to establish the existence of an optimal contract in presence of information asymmetry. The method we illustrate was initially motivated by the problem of designing optimal…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-07-17 Guillermo Alonso Alvarez , Sergey Nadtochiy

We propose and design recommendation systems that incentivize efficient exploration. Agents arrive sequentially, choose actions and receive rewards, drawn from fixed but unknown action-specific distributions. The recommendation system…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Nicole Immorlica , Jieming Mao , Aleksandrs Slivkins , Zhiwei Steven Wu

In this paper we formulate and study an optimal switching problem under partial information. In our model the agent/manager/investor attempts to maximize the expected reward by switching between different states/investments. However, he is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-03-10 Kai Li , Kaj Nyström , Marcus Olofsson

We study bilateral trade with interdependent values as an informed-principal problem. The mechanism-selection game has multiple equilibria that differ with respect to principal's payoff and trading surplus. We characterize the equilibrium…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-02-22 Takeshi Nishimura

We derive the amount of information retrieved by a quantum measurement in estimating an unknown maximally entangled state, along with the pertaining disturbance on the state itself. The optimal tradeoff between information and disturbance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Massimiliano F. Sacchi

We consider stopping problems in which a decision maker (DM) faces an unknown state of nature and decides sequentially whether to stop and take an irreversible action; pay a fee and obtain additional information; or wait without acquiring…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-05-16 Ehud Lehrer , Tao Wang

How best to incentivise prompt disclosure? We study this question in a general model in which a technological breakthrough occurs at an uncertain time and is privately observed by an agent, and a principal must incentivise disclosure via…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-12-09 Gregorio Curello , Ludvig Sinander

Attention mechanisms have recently demonstrated impressive performance on a range of NLP tasks, and attention scores are often used as a proxy for model explainability. However, there is a debate on whether attention weights can, in fact,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Bingyang Wen , K. P. Subbalakshmi , Fan Yang

A common practice in many auctions is to offer bidders an opportunity to improve their bids, known as a Best and Final Offer (BAFO) stage. This final bid can depend on new information provided about either the asset or the competitors. This…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Galit Ashkenazi-Golan , Yevgeny Tsodikovich , Yannick Viossat

We consider the problem of decentralized constrained optimization with multiple agents $E_1,\ldots,E_N$ who jointly wish to learn the optimal solution set while keeping their feasible sets $\mathcal{P}_1,\ldots,\mathcal{P}_N$ private from…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shreya Meel , Sennur Ulukus

We study balanced exchange problems in which agents with responsive preferences are endowed with multiple indivisible objects and can trade without transfers (e.g. shift exchange, time-banking). Eliciting full preferences over bundles is…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-14 Vikram Manjunath , Alexander Westkamp

To take advantage of strategy commitment, a useful tactic of playing games, a leader must learn enough information about the follower's payoff function. However, this leaves the follower a chance to provide fake information and influence…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Yurong Chen , Xiaotie Deng , Yuhao Li

This paper studies optimal contract design in private market investing, focusing on internal decision making in venture capital and private equity firms. A principal relies on an agent who privately exerts costly due diligence effort and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jussi Keppo , Yingkai Li

We study the informational efficiency of a market with a single traded asset. The price initially differs from the fundamental value, about which the agents have noisy private information (which is, on average, correct). A fraction of…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2014-01-10 Gani Aldashev , Timoteo Carletti , Simone Righi

What is the purpose of pre-analysis plans, and how should they be designed? We model the interaction between an agent who analyzes data and a principal who makes a decision based on agent reports. The agent could be the manufacturer of a…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-07-30 Maximilian Kasy , Jann Spiess

A communication setup is considered where a transmitter wishes to simultaneously sense its channel state and convey a message to a receiver. The state is estimated at the transmitter by means of generalized feedback, i.e. a strictly causal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-16 Mari Kobayashi , Giuseppe Caire , Gerhard Kramer