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Accurate weather prediction is essential for many aspects of life, notably the early warning of extreme weather events such as rainstorms. Short-term predictions of these events rely on forecasts from numerical weather models, in which,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Guoxing Chen , Wei-Chyung Wang

Ensemble weather forecasts based on multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models typically show systematic errors and require post-processing to obtain reliable forecasts. Accurately modeling multivariate dependencies is crucial in…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Jieyu Chen , Tim Janke , Florian Steinke , Sebastian Lerch

Ensemble weather forecasts enable a measure of uncertainty to be attached to each forecast, by computing the ensemble's spread. However, generating an ensemble with a good spread-error relationship is far from trivial, and a wide range of…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-01-05 Sebastian Scher , Gabriele Messori

Accurate medium-range precipitation forecasting is crucial for hydrometeorological risk management and disaster mitigation, yet remains challenging for current numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. Traditional ensemble systems such as…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Tianyi Xiong , Haonan Chen

With a potentially increasing share of the electricity grid relying on wind to provide generating capacity and energy, there is an expanding global need for historically accurate, spatiotemporally continuous, high-resolution wind data.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Brandon N. Benton , Grant Buster , Pavlo Pinchuk , Andrew Glaws , Ryan N. King , Galen Maclaurin , Ilya Chernyakhovskiy

Ensemble weather predictions require statistical post-processing of systematic errors to obtain reliable and accurate probabilistic forecasts. Traditionally, this is accomplished with distributional regression models in which the parameters…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-01 Stephan Rasp , Sebastian Lerch

Accurate and robust weather forecasting remains a fundamental challenge due to the inherent spatio-temporal complexity of atmospheric systems. In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised learning framework that leverages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yao Liu

The conditional generative adversarial rainfall model "cGAN" developed for the UK \cite{Harris22} was trained to post-process into an ensemble and downscale ERA5 rainfall to 1km resolution over three regions of the USA and the UK. Relative…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-09-28 Fenwick C. Cooper , Andrew T. T. McRae , Matthew Chantry , Bobby Antonio , Tim N. Palmer

Deep Learning has recently emerged as a perfect prognosis downscaling technique to compute high-resolution fields from large-scale coarse atmospheric data. Despite their promising results to reproduce the observed local variability, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Jose González-Abad , Jorge Baño-Medina , Ignacio Heredia Cachá

Capitalizing on the recent availability of ERA5 monthly averaged long-term data records of mean atmospheric and climate fields based on high-resolution reanalysis, deep-learning architectures offer an alternative to physics-based daily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Pratik Shukla , Milton Halem

Most operational climate services providers base their seasonal predictions on initialised general circulation models (GCMs) or statistical techniques that fit past observations. GCMs require substantial computational resources, which…

Understanding seasonal climatic conditions is critical for better management of resources such as water, energy and agriculture. Recently, there has been a great interest in utilizing the power of artificial intelligence methods in climate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Alper Unal , Busra Asan , Ismail Sezen , Bugra Yesilkaynak , Yusuf Aydin , Mehmet Ilicak , Gozde Unal

Downscaling, or super-resolution, provides decision-makers with detailed, high-resolution information about the potential risks and impacts of climate change, based on climate model output. Machine learning algorithms are proving themselves…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Robbie A. Watt , Laura A. Mansfield

Scenario generation is an important step in the operation and planning of power systems with high renewable penetrations. In this work, we proposed a data-driven approach for scenario generation using generative adversarial networks, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Yize Chen , Yishen Wang , Daniel Kirschen , Baosen Zhang

Landscapes are meaningful ecological units that strongly depend on the environmental conditions. Such dependencies between landscapes and the environment have been noted since the beginning of Earth sciences and cast into conceptual models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-27 Christian Requena-Mesa , Markus Reichstein , Miguel Mahecha , Basil Kraft , Joachim Denzler

We propose a new framework for estimating generative models via an adversarial process, in which we simultaneously train two models: a generative model G that captures the data distribution, and a discriminative model D that estimates the…

The increasing frequency of extreme temperature events, such as daily maximum temperature ($T_x$) records, underscores the need for robust tools to understand their drivers and predict their occurrence. Previous studies have identified…

Over the past decade, the number of wildfire has increased significantly around the world, especially in the State of California. The high-level concentration of greenhouse gas (GHG) emitted by wildfires aggravates global warming that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Sifat Chowdhury , Kai Zhu , Yu Zhang

Numerical weather prediction has traditionally been based on physical models of the atmosphere. Recently, however, the rise of deep learning has created increased interest in purely data-driven medium-range weather forecasting with first…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Stephan Rasp , Nils Thuerey

Modeling the risk of extreme weather events in a changing climate is essential for developing effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Although the available low-resolution climate models capture different scenarios, accurate risk…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-12-06 Anamitra Saha , Sai Ravela