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We define a new Hurwitz problem which is essentially a small core of the simple Hurwitz problem. The corresponding Hurwitz numbers have simpler formulae, satisfy effective recursion relations and determine the simple Hurwitz numbers. We…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2013-12-31 Norman Do , Paul Norbury

The Hurwitz problem of composition of quadratic forms, or of "sum of squares identity" is tackled with the help of a particular class of $(\mathbb{Z}_2)^n$-graded non-associative algebras generalizing the octonions. This method provides an…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2011-03-15 Anna Lenzhen , Sophie Morier-Genoud , Valentin Ovsienko

Let $G$ be a finite group. In this paper we present a tool for counting the number of principle $G$-bundles over a surface. As an application, we express (non-standard) generating functions for double Hurwitz numbers as integrals over…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-12 Maksim Karev

Generalized unitarity cut of a Feynman diagram generates an algebraic system of polynomial equations. At high-loop levels, these equations may define a complex curve or a (hyper-)surface with complicated topology. We study the curve cases,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-12 Rijun Huang , Yang Zhang

Hurwitz numbers are the Laurent coefficients of an elliptic function $\wp(u)$ of cyclotomic type, and they are natural generalization of the Bernoulli numbers. This paper gives new generalization of Bernoulli and Hurwitz numbers for higher…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Yoshihiro Ônishi

In this paper we revisit several recent results on monotone and strictly monotone Hurwitz numbers, providing new proofs. In particular, we use various versions of these numbers to discuss methods of derivation of quantum spectral curves…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-08-22 A. Alexandrov , D. Lewanski , S. Shadrin

In this paper we study relations between intersection numbers on moduli spaces of curves and Hurwitz numbers. First, we prove two formulas expressing Hurwitz numbers of (generalized) polynomials via intersections on moduli spaces of curves.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-10-04 Sergei Shadrin

For an algebraic curve $\mathcal{X}$ defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p >0$, the $a$-number $a(\mathcal{X})$ is the dimension of the space of exact holomorphic differentials on $\mathcal{X}$. We compute the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-14 Maria Montanucci , Pietro Speziali

We derive a second-order differential equation for the two-loop sunrise graph in two dimensions with arbitrary masses. The differential equation is obtained by viewing the Feynman integral as a period of a variation of a mixed Hodge…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-05-01 Stefan Müller-Stach , Stefan Weinzierl , Raphael Zayadeh

With the aid of simple examples we show how to make simple estimates of the sizes of higher-order Feynman graphs. Our methods enable appropriate values of renormalization and factorization scales to be made. They allow the diagnosis of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-30 John C. Collins , Andreas Freund

The asymptotic study of class numbers of binary quadratic forms is a foundational problem in arithmetic statistics. Here, we investigate finer statistics of class numbers by studying their self-correlations under additive shifts.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Alexander Walker

Monotone Hurwitz numbers were introduced by the authors as a combinatorially natural desymmetrization of the Hurwitz numbers studied in enumerative algebraic geometry. Over the course of several papers, we developed the structural theory of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-02 I. P. Goulden , Mathieu Guay-Paquet , Jonathan Novak

Hurwitz numbers are a weighted count of degree d ramified covers of curves with specified ramification profiles at marked points on the codomain curve. Isomorphism classes of these covers can be included as a dense open set in a moduli…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-11-13 Brian Katz

Information about the number of Feynman graphs for a given physical process in a given field theory is especially useful for confirming the result of a Feynman graph generator used in an automatic system of perturbative calculations. A…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-11-13 T. Kaneko

For any natural number n, the Hurwitz graph $\mathcal{H}(S_n )$ has vertices corresponding to reduced words of the cycle $(1 . . . n)$ in terms of transpositions in $S_n$, and has edges corresponding to local shifts. This graph is known to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-12 Yuval Hovannes Khachatryan-Raziel

For any smooth Hurwitz curve $\mathcal{H}_n: \, XY^n+YZ^n+X^nZ=0$ over the finite field $\mathbb{F}_{p}$, an explict description of its Weierstrass points for the morphism of lines is presented. As a consequence, the full automorphism group…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-11-26 Nazar Arakelian , Herivelto Borges , Pietro Speziali

Recently, Gunningham \cite{G} calculated all spin Hurwitz numbers in terms of combinatorics of Sergeev algebra. In this paper, we use a spin curve degeneration to obtain a recursion formula for degree three spin Hurwitz numbers.

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-09-18 Junho Lee

Hurwitz algebras are unital composition algebras widely known in algebra and mathematical physics for their useful applications. In this paper, inspired by works of Lesenby and Hitzer, we show how to embed all seven Hurwitz algebras…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Daniele Corradetti , Richard Clawson , Klee Irwin

Various generating functions of simple Hurwitz numbers of the projective line are known to satisfy many properties. They include a heat equation, the Eynard-Orantin topological recursion, an infinite-order differential equation called a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-06-05 Xiaojun Liu , Motohico Mulase , Adam Sorkin

We expand Topological Field Theory on some special CW-complexes (brane complexes). This Brane Topological Field Theory one-to-one corresponds to infinite dimensional Frobenius Algebras, graduated by CW-complexes of lesser dimension. We…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-07-18 Sergey M. Natanzon