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In order for artificial agents to coordinate effectively with people, they must act consistently with existing conventions (e.g. how to navigate in traffic, which language to speak, or how to coordinate with teammates). A group's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Adam Lerer , Alexander Peysakhovich

By using communication between multiple agents in multi-agent environments, one can reduce the effects of partial observability by combining one agent's observation with that of others in the same dynamic environment. While a lot of…

Efficient communication can enhance the overall performance of collaborative multi-agent reinforcement learning. A common approach is to share observations through full communication, leading to significant communication overhead. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Dongkun Huo , Huateng Zhang , Yixue Hao , Yuanlin Ye , Long Hu , Rui Wang , Min Chen

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) provides a framework for problems involving multiple interacting agents. Despite apparent similarity to the single-agent case, multi-agent problems are often harder to train and analyze…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Michał Zawalski , Błażej Osiński , Henryk Michalewski , Piotr Miłoś

In many situations, communication between agents is a critical component of cooperative multi-agent systems, however, it can be difficult to learn or evolve. In this paper, we investigate a simple way in which the emergence of communication…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Dylan Cope , Peter McBurney

We study multi-agent reinforcement learning in the setting of episodic Markov decision processes, where multiple agents cooperate via communication through a central server. We propose a provably efficient algorithm based on value iteration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Yifei Min , Jiafan He , Tianhao Wang , Quanquan Gu

Effective communication in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) can significantly enhance coordination and collaborative performance in complex and partially observable environments. However, reliance on communication can also…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Nancirose Piazza , Amirhossein Karimia , Behnia Soleymanib , Vahid Behzadan , Stefan Sarkadi

Learning to cooperate is crucially important in multi-agent environments. The key is to understand the mutual interplay between agents. However, multi-agent environments are highly dynamic, where agents keep moving and their neighbors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Jiechuan Jiang , Chen Dun , Tiejun Huang , Zongqing Lu

Offline data are both valuable and practical resources for teaching robots complex behaviors. Ideally, learning agents should not be constrained by the scarcity of available demonstrations, but rather generalize beyond the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Núria Armengol Urpí , Marco Bagatella , Marin Vlastelica , Georg Martius

Multi-agent systems (MAS) powered by large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for complex problem solving, where performance critically depends on the underlying inter-agent communication topology. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xuefei Wang , Jialu Wang , Fengbo Zhang , Yihan Hu , Di Zhang , Yutong Ye , Yikun Ban , Jun Han , Ruijie Wang

As a data-driven approach, multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has made remarkable advances in solving cooperative residential load scheduling problems. However, centralized training, the most common paradigm for MARL, limits…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zhaoming Qin , Nanqing Dong , Di Liu , Zhefan Wang , Junwei Cao

In this paper, we study the problem of learning to satisfy temporal logic specifications with a group of agents in an unknown environment, which may exhibit probabilistic behaviour. From a learning perspective these specifications provide a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Lewis Hammond , Alessandro Abate , Julian Gutierrez , Michael Wooldridge

We address the challenge of explaining counterfactual outcomes in multi-agent Markov decision processes. In particular, we aim to explain the total counterfactual effect of an agent's action on the outcome of a realized scenario through its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Stelios Triantafyllou , Aleksa Sukovic , Yasaman Zolfimoselo , Goran Radanovic

A fundamental challenge in multiagent reinforcement learning is to learn beneficial behaviors in a shared environment with other simultaneously learning agents. In particular, each agent perceives the environment as effectively…

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has recently received considerable attention due to its applicability to a wide range of real-world applications. However, achieving efficient communication among agents has always been an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Sai Qian Zhang , Qi Zhang , Jieyu Lin

Machine learning plays a role in many deployed decision systems, often in ways that are difficult or impossible to understand by human stakeholders. Explaining, in a human-understandable way, the relationship between the input and output of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Sahil Verma , Varich Boonsanong , Minh Hoang , Keegan E. Hines , John P. Dickerson , Chirag Shah

The complexity of multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) in multiagent systems increases exponentially with respect to the agent number. This scalability issue prevents MARL from being applied in large-scale multiagent systems. However,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Chuangchuang Sun , Macheng Shen , Jonathan P. How

This paper introduces Team-Attention-Actor-Critic (TAAC), a reinforcement learning algorithm designed to enhance multi-agent collaboration in cooperative environments. TAAC employs a Centralized Training/Centralized Execution scheme…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Hugo Garrido-Lestache Belinchon , Jeremy Kedziora

Training a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithm is more challenging than training a single-agent reinforcement learning algorithm, because the result of a multi-agent task strongly depends on the complex interactions among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Heechang Ryu , Hayong Shin , Jinkyoo Park

Many tasks require learned models to strategically gather relevant information over multiple rounds of interaction before actually acting on a task. Strategic information gathering requires models to know not only how to effectively acquire…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Grace Liu , Yuxiao Qu , Jeff Schneider , Aarti Singh , Aviral Kumar