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Lexicographic multi-objective problems, which consist of multiple conflicting subtasks with explicit priorities, are common in real-world applications. Despite the advantages of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in single tasks, extending…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Ruiyu Qiu , Rui Wang , Guanghui Yang , Xiang Li , Zhijiang Shao

In recent times, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been trained under two predominant paradigms. Generative training has enabled Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to tackle various complex tasks, yet issues such as hallucinations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Wei Chow , Juncheng Li , Qifan Yu , Kaihang Pan , Hao Fei , Zhiqi Ge , Shuai Yang , Siliang Tang , Hanwang Zhang , Qianru Sun

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge, where the LLM's ability to generate responses based on the combination of a given query and retrieved documents is crucial.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zhehao Tan , Yihan Jiao , Dan Yang , Lei Liu , Jie Feng , Duolin Sun , Yue Shen , Jian Wang , Peng Wei , Jinjie Gu

Deep reinforcement learning provides a promising approach for text-based games in studying natural language communication between humans and artificial agents. However, the generalization still remains a big challenge as the agents depend…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Yunqiu Xu , Meng Fang , Ling Chen , Yali Du , Chengqi Zhang

End-to-end models for goal-orientated dialogue are challenging to train, because linguistic and strategic aspects are entangled in latent state vectors. We introduce an approach to learning representations of messages in dialogues by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-06 Denis Yarats , Mike Lewis

A desirable trait of an artificial agent acting in the visual world is to continually learn a sequence of language-informed tasks while striking a balance between sufficiently specializing in each task and building a generalized knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Kyra Ahrens , Lennart Bengtson , Jae Hee Lee , Stefan Wermter

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become an essential approach for extending the reasoning and knowledge capacity of large language models (LLMs). While prior research has primarily focused on retrieval quality and prompting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jiamin Chen , Yuchen Li , Xinyu Ma , Xinran Chen , Xiaokun Zhang , Shuaiqiang Wang , Chen Ma , Dawei Yin

Large language model (LLM) agents deployed for multi-step tasks frequently fail in predictable ways: attempting actions with unmet preconditions, issuing redundant commands, or mishandling environment constraints. While retrieval-augmented…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Humaid Ibrahim , Nikolai Rozanov , Marek Rei

Humans generally use natural language to communicate task requirements to each other. Ideally, natural language should also be usable for communicating goals to autonomous machines (e.g., robots) to minimize friction in task specification.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Li Zhou , Kevin Small

Faithfully modeling human behavior in dynamic environments is a foundational challenge for embodied intelligence. While conditional motion synthesis has achieved significant advances, egocentric motion generation remains largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Ruibing Hou , Mingyue Zhou , Yuwei Gui , Mingshuang Luo , Bingpeng Ma , Hong Chang , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

The data and compute requirements of current language modeling technology pose challenges for the processing and analysis of low-resource languages. Declarative linguistic knowledge has the potential to partially bridge this data scarcity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Bhargav Shandilya , Alexis Palmer

Recent works successfully leveraged Large Language Models' (LLM) abilities to capture abstract knowledge about world's physics to solve decision-making problems. Yet, the alignment between LLMs' knowledge and the environment can be wrong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Thomas Carta , Clément Romac , Thomas Wolf , Sylvain Lamprier , Olivier Sigaud , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Robotic manipulation benefits from foundation models that describe goals, but today's agents still lack a principled way to learn from their own mistakes. We ask whether natural language can serve as feedback, an error-reasoning signal that…

Collaborative dialogue offers rich insights into students' learning and critical thinking, which is essential for personalizing pedagogical agent interactions in STEM+C settings. While large language models (LLMs) facilitate dynamic…

We study the problem of predicting and controlling the future state distribution of an autonomous agent. This problem, which can be viewed as a reframing of goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (RL), is centered around learning a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Benjamin Eysenbach , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Sergey Levine

In embodied instruction-following (EIF), the integration of pretrained language models (LMs) as task planners emerges as a significant branch, where tasks are planned at the skill level by prompting LMs with pretrained skills and user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Sangwoo Shin , Seunghyun Kim , Youngsoo Jang , Moontae Lee , Honguk Woo

Goal-conditioned hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) has shown promising results for solving complex and long-horizon RL tasks. However, the action space of high-level policy in the goal-conditioned HRL is often large, so it results…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Junsu Kim , Younggyo Seo , Jinwoo Shin

In this work, we take a first step toward elucidating the mechanisms behind emergent exploration in unsupervised reinforcement learning. We study Single-Goal Contrastive Reinforcement Learning (SGCRL), a self-supervised algorithm capable of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Mahsa Bastankhah , Grace Liu , Dilip Arumugam , Thomas L. Griffiths , Benjamin Eysenbach

In this paper, we propose a novel conditional-generative-adversarial-nets-based image captioning framework as an extension of traditional reinforcement-learning (RL)-based encoder-decoder architecture. To deal with the inconsistent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Chen Chen , Shuai Mu , Wanpeng Xiao , Zexiong Ye , Liesi Wu , Qi Ju

Large Language Models (LLMs) enhanced with external contexts, such as through retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), often face challenges in handling imperfect evidence. They tend to over-rely on external knowledge, making them vulnerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Shenglai Zeng , Pengfei He , Kai Guo , Tianqi Zheng , Hanqing Lu , Yue Xing , Hui Liu