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Small-signal instability of grid-connected power converters may arise when the converters use a phase-locked loop (PLL) to synchronize with a weak grid. Commonly, this stability problem (referred as PLL-synchronization stability in this…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Linbin Huang , Huanhai Xin , Wei Dong , Florian Dörfler

In [1] a new adaptive phase-locked loop scheme for synchronization of a grid connected voltage source converter with guaranteed (almost) global stability properties was reported. To guarantee a suitable synchronization with the angle of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-13 Wei He , Jiachen Yan , Romeo Ortega , Daniele Zonetti

In this paper we are interested in the problem of adaptive synchronization of a voltage source converter with a possibly weak grid with unknown angle and frequency, but knowledge of its parameters. To guarantee a suitable synchronization…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-17 Daniele Zonetti , Alexey Bobtsov , Romeo Ortega , Nikolay Nikolaev , Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt

The transient stability of traditional power systems is concerned with the ability of generators to stay synchronized with the positive-sequence voltage of the network, whether for symmetrical or asymmetrical faults. In contrast, both…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-26 Xiuqiang He , Changjun He , Sisi Pan , Hua Geng , Feng Liu

High penetration of distributed generators (DG) in modern power grids creates angle, voltage, and frequency instabilities. Most of the work in the literature has focused on small-signal stability analysis of single grid-connected inverters…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-07 Ramkrishna Mishan

Fluctuations in phase angle and frequency under large disturbances can lead to loss of synchronism (LOS) in grid-following (GFL) converters. The power angle and frequency of synchronous generators (SGs) correspond to rotor position and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Fangyuan Sun , Ruisheng Diao , Ruiyuan Zeng , Junjie Li , Wangqianyun Tang

Differing from synchronous generators, there are lack of physical laws governing the synchronization dynamics of voltage-source converters (VSCs). The widely used phase-locked loop (PLL) plays a critical role in maintaining the synchronism…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Heng Wu , Xiongfei Wang

An inevitable consequence of the global power system transition towards nearly 100% renewable-based generation is the loss of conventional bulk generation by synchronous machines, their inertia, and accompanying frequency and voltage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-10 Ali Tayyebi , Dominic Groß , Adolfo Anta , Friederich Kupzog , Florian Dörfler

Transients of a grid-synchronized voltage source converter (VSC) are closely related to over- currents and voltages occurred under large disturbances (e.g. a grid fault). Previous analysis in evaluating these transients usually neglect the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Chen Zhang , Marta Molinas , Xu Cai , Atle Rygg

The modern power grid features the high penetration of power converters, which widely employ a phase-locked loop (PLL) for grid synchronization. However, it has been pointed out that PLL can give rise to small-signal instabilities under…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-18 Chaoran Yang , Linbin Huang , Huanhai Xin , Ping Ju

This paper presents a novel strategy for the synchronization of grid-following Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) in power systems with low rotational inertia. The proposed synchronization unit is based on emulating the physical properties of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-30 Ognjen Stanojev , Uros Markovic , Petros Aristidou , Gabriela Hug

Deploying synchronous condensers (SynCons) near grid-following renewable energy sources (GFLRs) is an effective and increasingly adopted strategy for grid support. However, the potential transient instability risks in such configurations…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Bingfang Li , Songhao Yang , Qinglan Wang , Xu Zhang , Huan Xie , Chuan Qin , Zhiguo Hao

In recent years the need for DC distribution buses has increased considerably. As it can be noticed in the transport for example the distribution systems of the more electric aircrafts, ships, or electric cars. Given the complexities of the…

The power synchronization control (PSC) has been increasingly used with voltage-source converters (VSCs) connected to the weak ac grid. This paper presents an in-depth analysis on the transient stability of the PSC-VSC by means of the phase…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Heng Wu , Xiongfei Wang

An inevitable consequence of the global power system transition towards nearly 100% renewable-based generation is the loss of conventional bulk generation by synchronous machines, their inertia, and accompanying frequency and voltage…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-11 Ali Tayyebi , Dominic Groß , Adolfo Anta , Friederich Kupzog , Florian Dörfler

Large-scale integration of inverter-based resources into power grids worldwide is challenging their stability and security. This paper takes a closer look at synchronous condensers as a solution to mitigate stability challenges caused by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-06 Amir Sajadi , Barry Mather , Bri-Mathias Hodge

Grid-synchronization stability (GSS) is an emerging stability issue of grid-tied voltage source converters (VSCs), which can be provoked by severe grid voltage sags. Although a qualitative understanding of the mechanism behind the loss of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-25 Yu Zhang , Chen Zhang , Xu Cai

Small-signal synchronization instability (SSI) may be triggered when a grid-connected converter is operated in weak grids. This problem is highly related to the active and reactive power (referred to as complex power) generation or…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-15 Fuyilong Ma , Huanhai Xin , Zhiyi Li , Linbin Huang

Grid-following inverters have been widely adopted as a grid interface for renewable energy, and ensuring their small-signal and large-signal stability is critical to modern power systems. Their large-signal, or transient, stability is a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-08 Yifan Zhang , Yunjie Gu , Yue Zhu , Yitong Li , Hsiao-Dong Chiang , Timothy C. Green

Modern power systems increasingly demand converter-driven generation systems that integrate seamlessly with grid infrastructure. Grid-based converters are particularly advantageous, as they operate in harmony with conventional synchronous…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-19 Somayeh Mehri Boroojeni , Ehsan Sharafoddin
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