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Activation functions influence behavior and performance of DNNs. Nonlinear activation functions, like Rectified Linear Units (ReLU), Exponential Linear Units (ELU) and Scaled Exponential Linear Units (SELU), outperform the linear…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Semeen Rehman , Maurizio Martina , Muhammad Shafique

This work provides a comprehensive derivation of the parameter gradients for GATv2 [4], a widely used implementation of Graph Attention Networks (GATs). GATs have proven to be powerful frameworks for processing graph-structured data and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Marion Neumeier , Andreas Tollkühn , Sebastian Dorn , Michael Botsch , Wolfgang Utschick

The Cheap Gradient Principle (Griewank 2008) --- the computational cost of computing the gradient of a scalar-valued function is nearly the same (often within a factor of $5$) as that of simply computing the function itself --- is of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-01-15 Sham Kakade , Jason D. Lee

A large class of non-smooth practical optimization problems can be written as minimization of a sum of smooth and partly smooth functions. We examine such structured problems which also depend on a parameter vector and study the problem of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-28 Sheheryar Mehmood , Peter Ochs

Deep Learning refers to a set of machine learning techniques that utilize neural networks with many hidden layers for tasks, such as image classification, speech recognition, language understanding. Deep learning has been proven to be very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-02 Andre Luckow , Matthew Cook , Nathan Ashcraft , Edwin Weill , Emil Djerekarov , Bennie Vorster

We prove that all 'gradient span algorithms' have asymptotically deterministic behavior on scaled Gaussian random functions as the dimension tends to infinity. In particular, this result explains the counterintuitive phenomenon that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-15 Felix Benning , Leif Döring

With the wide spread of deep learning and gradient descent inspired optimization algorithms, differentiable programming has gained traction. Nowadays it has found applications in many different areas as well, such as scientific computing,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Pedro H. Azevedo de Amorim , Christopher Lam

Unsupervised learning of feature representations is a challenging yet important problem for analyzing a large collection of multimedia data that do not have semantic labels. Recently proposed neural network-based unsupervised learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Takahiko Furuya , Ryutarou Ohbuchi

Pairwise difference learning (PDL) has recently been introduced as a new meta-learning technique for regression. Instead of learning a mapping from instances to outcomes in the standard way, the key idea is to learn a function that takes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Mohamed Karim Belaid , Maximilian Rabus , Eyke Hüllermeier

Adaptive inference is a promising technique to improve the computational efficiency of deep models at test time. In contrast to static models which use the same computation graph for all instances, adaptive networks can dynamically adjust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Hao Li , Hong Zhang , Xiaojuan Qi , Ruigang Yang , Gao Huang

Deep neural networks work well at approximating complicated functions when provided with data and trained by gradient descent methods. At the same time, there is a vast amount of existing functions that programmatically solve different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Alon Jacovi , Guy Hadash , Einat Kermany , Boaz Carmeli , Ofer Lavi , George Kour , Jonathan Berant

Modern machine learning systems represent their computations as dataflow graphs. The increasingly complex neural network architectures crave for more powerful yet efficient programming abstractions. In this paper we propose an efficient…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Kelly Kostopoulou , Angelos Charalambidis , Panos Rondogiannis

We want to obtain derivatives in discontinuous program code, where default Algorithmic Differentiation may not perform well. Specifically, we consider discontinuities induced by control flow statements, where meaningful derivatives should…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Sebastian Christodoulou , Uwe Naumann

Despite the success achieved by the analysis of supervised learning algorithms in the framework of statistical mechanics, reinforcement learning has remained largely untouched. Here we move towards closing the gap by analyzing the dynamics…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-09-02 Riccardo Fabbricatore , Vladimir V. Palyulin

In the past years, deep learning models have been successfully applied in several cognitive tasks. Originally inspired by neuroscience, these models are specific examples of differentiable programs. In this paper we define and motivate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Adrián Hernández , Gilles Millerioux , José M. Amigó

Flow-based generative models achieve state-of-the-art sample quality, but require the expensive solution of a differential equation at inference time. Flow map models, commonly known as consistency models, encompass many recent efforts to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Nicholas M. Boffi , Michael S. Albergo , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

Performative prediction is an emerging paradigm in machine learning that addresses scenarios where the model's prediction may induce a shift in the distribution of the data it aims to predict. Current works in this field often rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Guangzheng Zhong , Yang Liu , Jiming Liu

We study several questions in the reliable agnostic learning framework of Kalai et al. (2009), which captures learning tasks in which one type of error is costlier than others. A positive reliable classifier is one that makes no false…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-25 Varun Kanade , Justin Thaler

We present a system for the automatic differentiation of a higher-order functional array-processing language. The core functional language underlying this system simultaneously supports both source-to-source automatic differentiation and…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Amir Shaikhha , Andrew Fitzgibbon , Dimitrios Vytiniotis , Simon Peyton Jones , Christoph Koch

The last decade's research in artificial intelligence had a significant impact on the advance of autonomous driving. Yet, safety remains a major concern when it comes to deploying such systems in high-risk environments. The objective of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Charles Corbière