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Medical Visual Question Answering~(VQA) is a combination of medical artificial intelligence and popular VQA challenges. Given a medical image and a clinically relevant question in natural language, the medical VQA system is expected to…

We review current and emerging knowledge-informed and brain-inspired cognitive systems for realizing adversarial defenses, eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), and zero-shot or few-short learning. Data-driven deep learning models have…

Having revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) applications, large language models (LLMs) are expanding into the realm of multimodal inputs. Owing to their ability to interpret images, multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have been primarily…

Accurate diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases relies heavily on the interpretation of multimodal ophthalmic images, a process often time-consuming and expertise-dependent. Visual Question Answering (VQA) presents a potential interdisciplinary…

Visual question answering requires a deep understanding of both images and natural language. However, most methods mainly focus on visual concept; such as the relationships between various objects. The limited use of object categories…

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is an increasingly popular topic in deep learning research, requiring coordination of natural language processing and computer vision modules into a single architecture. We build upon the model which placed…

Knowledge-based visual question answering (VQA) requires answering questions with external knowledge in addition to the content of images. One dataset that is mostly used in evaluating knowledge-based VQA is OK-VQA, but it lacks a gold…

Current methods of Visual Question Answering perform well on the answers with an amount of training data but have limited accuracy on the novel ones with few examples. However, humans can quickly adapt to these new categories with just a…

Visual understanding requires interpreting both natural scenes and the textual information that appears within them, motivating tasks such as Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, current VQA benchmarks overlook scenarios with visually…

We present a novel multimodal interpretable VQA model that can answer the question more accurately and generate diverse explanations. Although researchers have proposed several methods that can generate human-readable and fine-grained…

In visual question answering (VQA) context, users often pose ambiguous questions to visual language models (VLMs) due to varying expression habits. Existing research addresses such ambiguities primarily by rephrasing questions. These…

Visual question answering (VQA) models respond to open-ended natural language questions about images. While VQA is an increasingly popular area of research, it is unclear to what extent current VQA architectures learn key semantic…

The limits of applicability of vision-and-language models are defined by the coverage of their training data. Tasks like vision question answering (VQA) often require commonsense and factual information beyond what can be learned from…

Visual Question Answering (VQA) requires integration of feature maps with drastically different structures and focus of the correct regions. Image descriptors have structures at multiple spatial scales, while lexical inputs inherently…

Most recent state-of-the-art Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems are opaque black boxes that are only trained to fit the answer distribution given the question and visual content. As a result, these systems frequently take shortcuts,…

For stability and reliability of real-world applications, the robustness of DNNs in unimodal tasks has been evaluated. However, few studies consider abnormal situations that a visual question answering (VQA) model might encounter at test…

Part of the appeal of Visual Question Answering (VQA) is its promise to answer new questions about previously unseen images. Most current methods demand training questions that illustrate every possible concept, and will therefore never…

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has emerged as a Visual Turing Test to validate the reasoning ability of AI agents. The pivot to existing VQA models is the joint embedding that is learned by combining the visual features from an image and…

We study the problem of attributing the prediction of a deep network to its input features, a problem previously studied by several other works. We identify two fundamental axioms---Sensitivity and Implementation Invariance that attribution…

Deep learning models are widely used for various industrial and scientific applications. Even though these models have achieved considerable success in recent years, there exists a lack of understanding of the rationale behind decisions…