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Named entity recognition (NER) identifies typed entity mentions in raw text. While the task is well-established, there is no universally used tagset: often, datasets are annotated for use in downstream applications and accordingly only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Xiao Huang , Li Dong , Elizabeth Boschee , Nanyun Peng

Corpus-based grammar induction generally relies on hand-parsed training data to learn the structure of the language. Unfortunately, the cost of building large annotated corpora is prohibitively expensive. This work aims to improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Rebecca Hwa

We describe a generic framework for representing and reasoning with annotated Semantic Web data, a task becoming more important with the recent increased amount of inconsistent and non-reliable meta-data on the web. We formalise the…

Databases · Computer Science 2011-03-08 Antoine Zimmermann , Nuno Lopes , Axel Polleres , Umberto Straccia

Standard evaluations of deep learning models for semantics using naturalistic corpora are limited in what they can tell us about the fidelity of the learned representations, because the corpora rarely come with good measures of semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Atticus Geiger , Ignacio Cases , Lauri Karttunen , Christopher Potts

We show-case an application of information extraction methods, such as named entity recognition (NER) and relation extraction (RE) to a novel corpus, consisting of documents, issued by a state agency. The main challenges of this corpus are:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Vitaly Ivanin , Ekaterina Artemova , Tatiana Batura , Vladimir Ivanov , Veronika Sarkisyan , Elena Tutubalina , Ivan Smurov

In recent work we have presented a formal framework for linguistic annotation based on labeled acyclic digraphs. These `annotation graphs' offer a simple yet powerful method for representing complex annotation structures incorporating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Steven Bird , Mark Liberman

We describe a set of bilingual English--French and English--German parallel corpora in which the direction of translation is accurately and reliably annotated. The corpora are diverse, consisting of parliamentary proceedings, literary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-08 Ella Rabinovich , Shuly Wintner , Ofek Luis Lewinsohn

Learning disentangled representations of natural language is essential for many NLP tasks, e.g., conditional text generation, style transfer, personalized dialogue systems, etc. Similar problems have been studied extensively for other forms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Pengyu Cheng , Martin Renqiang Min , Dinghan Shen , Christopher Malon , Yizhe Zhang , Yitong Li , Lawrence Carin

Asking clarifying questions in response to ambiguous or faceted queries has been recognized as a useful technique for various information retrieval systems, especially conversational search systems with limited bandwidth interfaces.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Helia Hashemi , Hamed Zamani , W. Bruce Croft

Multilingual Natural Language Generation (NLG) is challenging due to the lack of training data for low-resource languages. However, some low-resource languages have up to tens of millions of speakers globally, making it important to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Aden Haussmann

Identifying and correcting grammatical errors in the text written by non-native writers has received increasing attention in recent years. Although a number of annotated corpora have been established to facilitate data-driven grammatical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-30 Zhuoran Liu , Yang Liu

Extracting entities and relations for types of interest from text is important for understanding massive text corpora. Traditionally, systems of entity relation extraction have relied on human-annotated corpora for training and adopted an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Xiang Ren , Zeqiu Wu , Wenqi He , Meng Qu , Clare R. Voss , Heng Ji , Tarek F. Abdelzaher , Jiawei Han

Most existing approaches to disfluency detection heavily rely on human-annotated corpora, which is expensive to obtain in practice. There have been several proposals to alleviate this issue with, for instance, self-supervised learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Shaolei Wang , Zhongyuan Wang , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu

Many real-world applications require automated data annotation, such as identifying tissue origins based on gene expressions and classifying images into semantic categories. Annotation classes are often numerous and subject to changes over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Maxim Grechkin , Hoifung Poon , Bill Howe

Investigative journalists routinely confront large document collections. Large language models (LLMs) with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) capabilities promise to accelerate the process of document discovery, but newsroom adoption…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Nick Hagar , Nicholas Diakopoulos , Jeremy Gilbert

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in question answering and reasoning thanks to their extensive parametric memory. However, their knowledge is inherently limited by the scope of their pre-training data, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Atahan Özer , Çağatay Yıldız

For many low-resource or endangered languages, spoken language resources are more likely to be annotated with translations than with transcriptions. Recent work exploits such annotations to produce speech-to-translation alignments, without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-16 Antonios Anastasopoulos , David Chiang

Detecting non-factual content is a longstanding goal to increase the trustworthiness of large language models (LLMs) generations. Current factuality probes, trained using humanannotated labels, exhibit limited transferability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Xiaokang Zhang , Zijun Yao , Jing Zhang , Kaifeng Yun , Jifan Yu , Juanzi Li , Jie Tang

This document, based on feedback from UMR TETIS members and the scientific literature, provides a generic methodology for creating annotation guidelines and annotated textual datasets (corpora). It covers methodological aspects, as well as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Bahdja Boudoua , Nadia Guiffant , Mathieu Roche , Maguelonne Teisseire , Annelise Tran

Online scientific publications provide vast opportunities for researchers. Alas, the quantity and the rate of increase in the articles make the utilization of these resources very challenging. This work presents as inquiry-based approach to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-03 S. Uskudarli , E. Gökdeniz , R. Canbeyli