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Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have driven extensive evaluations in software engineering. however, most prior work concentrates on code-level tasks, leaving software design capabilities underexplored. To fill this gap, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Bingxu Xiao , Yunwei Dong , Yiqi Tang , Manqing Zhang , Yifan Zhou , Chunyan Ma , Yepang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in code-related tasks like code generation, but benchmark evaluations often overlook task characteristics, such as difficulty. Moreover, benchmarks are usually built using tasks described with a single…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Florian Tambon , Amin Nikanjam , Cyrine Zid , Foutse Khomh , Giuliano Antoniol

The rapid progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) poses potential risks such as generating unethical content. Assessing LLMs' values can help expose their misalignment, but relies on reference-free evaluators, e.g., fine-tuned LLMs or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jing Yao , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xing Xie

Recently, scene text recognition (STR) models have shown significant performance improvements. However, existing models still encounter difficulties in recognizing challenging texts that involve factors such as severely distorted and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Bangbang Zhou , Yadong Qu , Zixiao Wang , Zicheng Li , Boqiang Zhang , Hongtao Xie

Object-centric representation learning offers the potential to overcome limitations of image-level representations by explicitly parsing image scenes into their constituent components. While image-level representations typically lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Nathan Drenkow , Mathias Unberath

Code repair is a fundamental task in software development, facilitating efficient bug resolution and software maintenance. Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated considerable potential in automated code repair, their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Dekun Dai , MingWei Liu , Anji Li , Jialun Cao , Yanlin Wang , Chong Wang , Xin Peng , Zibin Zheng

Reliable evaluation is essential for developing and deploying large language models, yet in practice it often requires substantial manual effort: practitioners must identify appropriate benchmarks, reproduce heterogeneous evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Chengyu Shen , Yanheng Hou , Minghui Pan , Runming He , Zhen Hao Wong , Meiyi Qiang , Zhou Liu , Hao Liang , Peichao Lai , Zeang Sheng , Wentao Zhang

Perceiving visual semantics embedded within consecutive characters is a crucial yet under-explored capability for both Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs). In this work, we select ASCII art as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Qi Jia , Xiang Yue , Shanshan Huang , Ziheng Qin , Yizhu Liu , Bill Yuchen Lin , Yang You , Guangtao Zhai

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate a notable capacity for adopting personas and engaging in role-playing. However, evaluating this ability presents significant challenges, as human assessments are resource-intensive and automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yassine El Boudouri , Walter Nuninger , Julian Alvarez , Yvan Peter

Automatic evaluation metrics hold a fundamental importance in the development and fine-grained analysis of captioning systems. While current evaluation metrics tend to achieve an acceptable correlation with human judgements at the system…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Naeha Sharif , Lyndon White , Mohammed Bennamoun , Wei Liu , Syed Afaq Ali Shah

Text recognition in the wild is a long-standing problem in computer vision. Driven by end-to-end deep learning, recent studies suggest vision and language processing are effective for scene text recognition. Yet, solving edit errors such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Wenwen Yu , Mingyu Liu , Biao Yang , Enming Zhang , Deqiang Jiang , Xing Sun , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai

Text normalization is a ubiquitous process that appears as the first step of many Natural Language Processing problems. However, previous Deep Learning approaches have suffered from so-called silly errors, which are undetectable on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Adrián Javaloy Bornás , Ginés García Mateos

Precise character segmentation is the only solution towards higher Optical Character Recognition (OCR) accuracy. In cursive script, overlapped characters are serious issue in the process of character segmentations as characters are deprived…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Amjad Rehman

Formulating optimization problems for industrial applications demands significant manual effort and domain expertise. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in automating this process, evaluating their performance remains difficult…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Zhuohan Wang , Ziwei Zhu , Ziniu Li , Congliang Chen , Yizhou Han , Yufeng Lin , Zhihang Lin , Angyang Gu , Xinglin Hu , Ruoyu Sun , Tian Ding

Large language models for code (i.e., code LLMs) have shown strong code understanding and generation capabilities. To evaluate the capabilities of code LLMs in various aspects, many benchmarks have been proposed (e.g., HumanEval and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Junkai Chen , Zhiyuan Pan , Xing Hu , Zhenhao Li , Ge Li , Xin Xia

The development of large vision language models drives the demand for managing, and applying massive amounts of multimodal data, making OCR technology, which extracts information from visual images, increasingly popular. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yufeng Zhong , Lei Chen , Xuanle Zhao , Wenkang Han , Liming Zheng , Jing Huang , Deyang Jiang , Yilin Cao , Lin Ma , Zhixiong Zeng

Recent advancements in the field of natural language generation have facilitated the use of large language models to assess the quality of generated text. Although these models have shown promising results in tasks such as machine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Terry Yue Zhuo

Text clustering, as one of the most fundamental challenges in unsupervised learning, aims at grouping semantically similar text segments without relying on human annotations. With the rapid development of deep learning, deep clustering has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Mingjun Zhao , Mengzhen Wang , Yinglong Ma , Di Niu , Haijiang Wu

Significant progress has been made in automatic text evaluation with the introduction of large language models (LLMs) as evaluators. However, current sample-wise evaluation paradigm suffers from the following issues: (1) Sensitive to prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Peiwen Yuan , Shaoxiong Feng , Yiwei Li , Xinglin Wang , Boyuan Pan , Heda Wang , Kan Li

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has shifted language model evaluation toward reasoning and problem-solving tasks as measures of general intelligence. Small Language Models (SLMs) -- defined here as models under 10B parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Gabriel Benedict , Matthew Butler , Naved Merchant , Eetu Salama-Laine