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In this paper, we introduce a new neural network (NN) structure, multi-mode reservoir computing (Multi-Mode RC). It inherits the dynamic mechanism of RC and processes the forward path and loss optimization of the NN using tensor as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Zhou Zhou , Lingjia Liu , Jiarui Xu

Reservoir Computing is an Unconventional Computation model to perform computation on various different substrates, such as recurrent neural networks or physical materials. The method takes a 'black-box' approach, training only the outputs…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Chester Wringe , Martin Trefzer , Susan Stepney

The reservoir computing paradigm is employed to classify heartbeat anomalies online based on electrocardiogram signals. Inspired by the principles of information processing in the brain, reservoir computing provides a framework to design,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Fatemeh Hadaeghi

Reservoir computing is a powerful framework for modeling dynamical systems due to its universality and computational efficiency. However, a major challenge is achieving a forecast with accurate long-time statistics, or climate, which is…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-05 Akira Kawano , Ilia Soroka , Greg J. Stephens

Typical mammal brains have some form of random connectivity between neurons. Reservoir computing, a neural network approach, uses random weights within its processing layer along with built-in recurrent connections and short-term, fading…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-02-05 Joshua Donald , Ben A. Johnson , Amir Mehrnejat , Alex Gabbitas , Arthur G. T. Coveney , Alexander G. Balanov , Sergey Savel'ev , Pavel Borisov

Reservoir Computing (RC) is a time-efficient computational paradigm derived from Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). The Simple Cycle Reservoir (SCR) is an RC model that stands out for its minimalistic design, offering extremely low…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ziqiang Li , Robert Simon Fong , Kantaro Fujiwara , Kazuyuki Aihara , Gouhei Tanaka

The topology of a network associated with a reservoir computer is often taken so that the connectivity and the weights are chosen randomly. Optimization is hardly considered as the parameter space is typically too large. Here we investigate…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-01-19 Chad Nathe , Enrico Del Frate , Thomas Carroll , Louis Pecora , Afroza Shirin , Francesco Sorrentino

Reservoir computers can be used to predict time series generated by spatio-temporal chaotic systems. Using multiple reservoirs in parallel has shown improved performances for these predictions, by effectively reducing the input…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-13 Luk Fleddermann , Ulrich Parlitz , Gerrit Wellecke

In this paper, we introduce a paradigm for reservoir computing (RC) that leverages a pool of cultured biological neurons as the reservoir substrate, creating a biological reservoir computing (BRC). This system operates similarly to an echo…

A minimal model for reservoir computing is studied. We demonstrate that a reservoir computer exists that emulates given coupled maps by constructing a modularized network. We describe a possible mechanism for collapses of the emulation in…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2024-05-15 Yuzuru Sato , Miki Kobayashi

Reservoir computing is a well-established approach for processing data with a much lower complexity compared to traditional neural networks. Despite two decades of experimental progress, the core properties of reservoir computing (namely…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Anh-Tuan Clabaut , Jean Auriol , Islam Boussaada , Guilherme Mazanti

Deep Reservoir Computing has emerged as a new paradigm for deep learning, which is based around the reservoir computing principle of maintaining random pools of neurons combined with hierarchical deep learning. The reservoir paradigm…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Matthew Evanusa , Cornelia Fermüller , Yiannis Aloimonos

We present a general hardware framework for building networks that directly implement Reservoir Computing, a popular software method for implementing and training Recurrent Neural Networks and are particularly suited for temporal…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-10-02 Samiran Ganguly , Kerem Y. Camsari , Avik W. Ghosh

Collecting time series data spatially distributed in many locations is often important for analyzing climate change and its impacts on ecosystems. However, comprehensive spatial data collection is not always feasible, requiring us to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Shihori Koyama , Daisuke Inoue , Hiroaki Yoshida , Kazuyuki Aihara , Gouhei Tanaka

We study how the degree of nonlinearity in the input data affects the optimal design of reservoir computers, focusing on how closely the model's nonlinearity should align with that of the data. By reducing minimal RCs to a single tunable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Davide Prosperino , Haochun Ma , Christoph Räth

The reservoir computing scheme is a machine learning mechanism which utilizes the naturally occuring computational capabilities of dynamical systems. One important subset of systems that has proven powerful both in experiments and theory…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-09 André Röhm , Kathy Lüdge

Recurrent networks are a special class of artificial neural systems that use their internal states to perform computing tasks for machine learning. One of its state-of-the-art developments, i.e. reservoir computing (RC), uses the internal…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-11-02 Valeria d'Andrea , Michele Puppin , Manlio De Domenico

Physical reservoir computing is a computational framework that implements spatiotemporal information processing directly within physical systems. By exciting nonlinear dynamical systems and creating linear models from their state, we can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jake Love , Jeroen Mulkers , Robin Msiska , George Bourianoff , Jonathan Leliaert , Karin Everschor-Sitte

This work proposes a time series prediction method based on the kernel view of linear reservoirs. In particular, the time series motifs of the reservoir kernel are used as representational basis on which general readouts are constructed. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Peter Tino , Robert Simon Fong , Roberto Fabio Leonarduzzi

Forecasting nonlinear time series with multi-scale temporal structures remains a central challenge in complex systems modeling. We present a novel reservoir computing framework that combines delay embedding with random Fourier feature (RFF)…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-20 S. K. Laha