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Sample efficiency is crucial for imitation learning methods to be applicable in real-world applications. Many studies improve sample efficiency by extending adversarial imitation to be off-policy regardless of the fact that these off-policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Mingfei Sun , Sam Devlin , Katja Hofmann , Shimon Whiteson

Safe reinforcement learning is a promising path toward applying reinforcement learning algorithms to real-world problems, where suboptimal behaviors may lead to actual negative consequences. In this work, we focus on the setting where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Garrett Thomas , Yuping Luo , Tengyu Ma

We extend temporal-difference (TD) learning in order to obtain risk-sensitive, model-free reinforcement learning algorithms. This extension can be regarded as modification of the Rescorla-Wagner rule, where the (sigmoidal) stimulus is taken…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Grégoire Delétang , Jordi Grau-Moya , Markus Kunesch , Tim Genewein , Rob Brekelmans , Shane Legg , Pedro A. Ortega

Value-based reinforcement-learning algorithms provide state-of-the-art results in model-free discrete-action settings, and tend to outperform actor-critic algorithms. We argue that actor-critic algorithms are limited by their need for an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Denis Steckelmacher , Hélène Plisnier , Diederik M. Roijers , Ann Nowé

Stochastic control with both inherent random system noise and lack of knowledge on system parameters constitutes the core and fundamental topic in reinforcement learning (RL), especially under non-episodic situations where online learning…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-24 Xin Huang , Duan Li , Daniel Zhuoyu Long

Reinforcement learning is a promising paradigm for solving sequential decision-making problems, but low data efficiency and weak generalization across tasks are bottlenecks in real-world applications. Model-based meta reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Qi Wang , Herke van Hoof

Distributional reinforcement learning improves performance by capturing environmental stochasticity, but a comprehensive theoretical understanding of its effectiveness remains elusive. In addition, the intractable element of the infinite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Taehyun Cho , Seungyub Han , Seokhun Ju , Dohyeong Kim , Kyungjae Lee , Jungwoo Lee

Gradient descent or its variants are popular in training neural networks. However, in deep Q-learning with neural network approximation, a type of reinforcement learning, gradient descent (also known as Residual Gradient (RG)) is barely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Shuyu Yin , Tao Luo , Peilin Liu , Zhi-Qin John Xu

Learning from Demonstration (LfD) is a useful paradigm for training policies that solve tasks involving complex motions, such as those encountered in robotic manipulation. In practice, the successful application of LfD requires overcoming…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Peter David Fagan , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

This article addresses the challenge of adapting data-based models over time. We propose a novel two-fold modelling architecture designed to correct plant-model mismatch caused by two types of uncertainty. Out-of-domain uncertainty arises…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-17 Laura Boca de Giuli , Alessio La Bella , Riccardo Scattolini

To adopt neural networks in safety critical domains, knowing whether we can trust their predictions is crucial. Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) provide uncertainty estimates by averaging predictions with respect to the posterior weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Jannik Schmitt , Stefan Roth

Stochastic gradient methods for machine learning and optimization problems are usually analyzed assuming data points are sampled \emph{with} replacement. In practice, however, sampling \emph{without} replacement is very common, easier to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-18 Ohad Shamir

TD($\lambda$) with function approximation has proved empirically successful for some complex reinforcement learning problems. For linear approximation, TD($\lambda$) has been shown to minimise the squared error between the approximate value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Lex Weaver , Jonathan Baxter

We study the policy evaluation problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning where a group of agents, with jointly observed states and private local actions and rewards, collaborate to learn the value function of a given policy via local…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-08 Dongsheng Ding , Xiaohan Wei , Zhuoran Yang , Zhaoran Wang , Mihailo R. Jovanović

Dual control explicitly addresses the problem of trading off active exploration and exploitation in the optimal control of partially unknown systems. While the problem can be cast in the framework of stochastic dynamic programming, exact…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-12 Elena Arcari , Lukas Hewing , Melanie N. Zeilinger

Combining model-based and model-free learning systems has been shown to improve the sample efficiency of learning to perform complex robotic tasks. However, dual-system approaches fail to consider the reliability of the learned model when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Muhammad Burhan Hafez , Cornelius Weber , Matthias Kerzel , Stefan Wermter

Reinforcement learning often suffer from the sparse reward issue in real-world robotics problems. Learning from demonstration (LfD) is an effective way to eliminate this problem, which leverages collected expert data to aid online learning.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Yanjiang Guo , Jingyue Gao , Zheng Wu , Chengming Shi , Jianyu Chen

Behavioral Foundation Models (BFMs) proved successful in producing policies for arbitrary tasks in a zero-shot manner, requiring no test-time training or task-specific fine-tuning. Among the most promising BFMs are the ones that estimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Maksim Bobrin , Ilya Zisman , Alexander Nikulin , Vladislav Kurenkov , Dmitry Dylov

Model-free or learning-based control, in particular, reinforcement learning (RL), is expected to be applied for complex robotic tasks. Traditional RL requires a policy to be optimized is state-dependent, that means, the policy is a kind of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Taisuke Kobayashi , Kenta Yoshizawa

We present a modular approach to reinforcement learning that uses a Bayesian representation of the uncertainty over models. The approach, BOSS (Best of Sampled Set), drives exploration by sampling multiple models from the posterior and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-05-14 John Asmuth , Lihong Li , Michael L. Littman , Ali Nouri , David Wingate