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The widespread digitization of patient data via electronic health records (EHRs) has created an unprecedented opportunity to use machine learning algorithms to better predict disease risk at the patient level. Although predictive models…

Hospital readmission rate is high for heart failure patients. Early detection of deterioration will help doctors prevent readmissions, thus reducing health care cost and providing patients with just-in-time intervention. Wearable devices…

Each year, there are nearly 4 million youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) in the United States with HIV prevalence ranging from 3 to 11.5%. Peer change agent (PCA) models for HIV prevention have been used successfully in many populations,…

In this work, we present a machine learning approach for predicting early dropouts of an active and healthy ageing app. The presented algorithms have been submitted to the IFMBE Scientific Challenge 2022, part of IUPESM WC 2022. We have…

Deploying complex machine learning models on resource-constrained devices is challenging due to limited computational power, memory, and model retrainability. To address these limitations, a hybrid system can be established by augmenting…

Millions of individuals' well-being are challenged by the harms of substance use. Harm reduction as a public health strategy is designed to improve their health outcomes and reduce safety risks. Some large language models (LLMs) have…

Accurate prediction of clinical outcomes using Electronic Health Records (EHRs) is critical for early intervention, efficient resource allocation, and improved patient care. EHRs contain multimodal data, including both structured data and…

Gender-based crime is one of the most concerning scourges of contemporary society. Governments worldwide have invested lots of economic and human resources to radically eliminate this threat. Despite these efforts, providing accurate…

Respondent-driven sampling is a form of link-tracing network sampling, which is widely used to study hard-to-reach populations, often to estimate population proportions. Previous treatments of this process have used a with-replacement…

Machine Learning (ML) has recently shown tremendous success in modeling various healthcare prediction tasks, ranging from disease diagnosis and prognosis to patient treatment. Due to the sensitive nature of medical data, privacy must be…

Objective: Predicting length of stay after elective spine surgery is essential for optimizing patient outcomes and hospital resource use. This systematic review synthesizes computational methods used to predict length of stay in this…

In clinical practice, decision-making relies heavily on established protocols, often formalised as rules. Concurrently, Machine Learning (ML) models, trained on clinical data, aspire to integrate into medical decision-making processes.…

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective intervention for preventing HIV transmission, but high cost and uneven uptake raise challenges for resource allocation. While spillover effects, wherein PrEP use in one group reduces…

We propose and investigate a delayed model that studies the relationship between HIV and the immune system during the natural course of infection and in the context of antiviral treatment regimes. Sufficient criteria for local asymptotic…

Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious bacterial disease, is a significant cause of death, especially in low-income countries, with an estimated ten million new cases reported globally in $2020$. While TB is treatable, non-adherence to the…

Hospital readmissions are expensive and reflect the inadequacies in healthcare system. In the United States alone, treatment of readmitted diabetic patients exceeds 250 million dollars per year. Early identification of patients facing a…

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations provide a blueprint of a better future by 'leaving no one behind', and, to achieve the SDGs by 2030, poor countries require immense volumes of development aid. In this paper, we…

Dynamic Treatment Regimes (DTRs) provide a systematic framework for optimizing sequential decision-making in chronic disease management, where therapies must adapt to patients' evolving clinical profiles. Inverse probability weighting (IPW)…

Responding rapidly to a patient who is demonstrating signs of imminent clinical deterioration is a basic tenet of patient care. This gave rise to a patient safety intervention philosophy known as a Rapid Response System (RRS), whereby a…

Given the inherent non-deterministic nature of machine learning (ML) systems, their behavior in production environments can lead to unforeseen and potentially dangerous outcomes. For a timely detection of unwanted behavior and to prevent…