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Recently, the combination of robust one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1-D CNNs) and Raman spectroscopy has shown great promise in rapid identification of unknown substances with good accuracy. Using this technique, researchers…

Schizophrenia is a severe mental health condition that requires a long and complicated diagnostic process. However, early diagnosis is vital to control symptoms. Deep learning has recently become a popular way to analyse and interpret…

Interpretability is essential in medical imaging to ensure that clinicians can comprehend and trust artificial intelligence models. In this paper, we propose a novel interpretable approach that combines attribute regularization of the…

Interpretable models can have advantages over black-box models, and interpretability is essential for the application of machine learning in critical settings, such as aviation or medicine. This article introduces the LASSO-Clip-EN (LCEN)…

The quality of diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening relies on the ability to correctly grade severity; however, many deep-learning (DL) classifiers cannot be easily interpreted in the clinical context. This study presents a methodology that…

The use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for classification tasks has become dominant in various medical imaging applications. At the same time, recent advances in interpretable machine learning techniques have shown great potential…

Interpretable classification of time series presents significant challenges in high dimensions. Traditional feature selection methods in the frequency domain often assume sparsity in spectral density matrices (SDMs) or their inverses, which…

We show a proof of principle for warping, a method to interpret the inner working of neural networks in the context of gene expression analysis. Warping is an efficient way to gain insight to the inner workings of neural nets and make them…

Histopathology, the current gold standard for cancer diagnosis, involves the manual examination of tissue samples after chemical staining, a time-consuming process requiring expert analysis. Raman spectroscopy is an alternative, stain-free…

Deep learning models extract, before a final classification layer, features or patterns which are key for their unprecedented advantageous performance. However, the process of complex nonlinear feature extraction is not well understood, a…

Prompt injection poses a critical threat to the safe deployment of large language models, yet existing detection approaches are typically evaluated under limited settings that do not reflect real-world operating constraints. In this work,…

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) always depend on wider receptive field (RF) and more complex non-linearity to achieve state-of-the-art performance, while suffering the increased difficult to interpret how relevant patches…

The accurate prediction of biological features from genomic data is paramount for precision medicine and sustainable agriculture. For decades, neural network models have been widely popular in fields like computer vision, astrophysics and…

Deep neural-network-based language models (LMs) are increasingly applied to large-scale protein sequence data to predict protein function. However, being largely black-box models and thus challenging to interpret, current protein LM…

Despite their success and widespread adoption, the opaque nature of deep neural networks (DNNs) continues to hinder trust, especially in critical applications. Current interpretability solutions often yield inconsistent or oversimplified…

Automated recognition and classification of bacteria species from microscopic images have significant importance in clinical microbiology. Bacteria classification is usually carried out manually by biologists using different shapes and…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown exceptional performances in a wide range of tasks and have become the go-to method for problems requiring high-level predictive power. There has been extensive research on how DNNs arrive at their…

The increasing use of machine learning in clinical decision support has been limited by the lack of transparency of many high-performing models. In clinical settings, predictions must be interpretable, auditable, and actionable. This study…

Improving the interpretability of deep neural networks has recently gained increased attention, especially when the power of deep learning is leveraged to solve problems in physics. Interpretability helps us understand a model's ability to…

The extensive use of pesticides and synthetic dyes poses critical threats to food safety, human health, and environmental sustainability, necessitating rapid and reliable detection methods. Raman spectroscopy offers molecularly specific…