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The classical approach to measure the expressive power of deep neural networks with piecewise linear activations is based on counting their maximum number of linear regions. This complexity measure is quite relevant to understand general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yuuki Takai , Akiyoshi Sannai , Matthieu Cordonnier

We investigate the complexity of deep neural networks through the lens of functional equivalence, which posits that different parameterizations can yield the same network function. Leveraging the equivalence property, we present a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Guohao Shen

Deep neural networks use multiple layers of functions to map an object represented by an input vector progressively to different representations, and with sufficient training, eventually to a single score for each class that is the output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Tin Kam Ho

The theoretical explanation for deep neural network (DNN) is still an open problem. In this paper DNN is considered as a discrete-time dynamical system due to its layered structure. The complexity provided by the nonlinearity in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Husheng Li

The current understanding of deep neural networks can only partially explain how input structure, network parameters and optimization algorithms jointly contribute to achieve the strong generalization power that is typically observed in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Francesco Craighero , Fabrizio Angaroni , Alex Graudenzi , Fabio Stella , Marco Antoniotti

Deep neural networks (DNNs) transform stimuli across multiple processing stages to produce representations that can be used to solve complex tasks, such as object recognition in images. However, a full understanding of how they achieve this…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-11-01 David G. T. Barrett , Ari S. Morcos , Jakob H. Macke

While various complexity measures for deep neural networks exist, specifying an appropriate measure capable of predicting and explaining generalization in deep networks has proven challenging. We propose Neural Complexity (NC), a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Yoonho Lee , Juho Lee , Sung Ju Hwang , Eunho Yang , Seungjin Choi

We define the local complexity of a neural network with continuous piecewise linear activations as a measure of the density of linear regions over an input data distribution. We show theoretically that ReLU networks that learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Niket Patel , Guido Montufar

This paper aims to define, quantify, and analyze the feature complexity that is learned by a DNN. We propose a generic definition for the feature complexity. Given the feature of a certain layer in the DNN, our method disentangles feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Jie Ren , Mingjie Li , Zexu Liu , Quanshi Zhang

We consider functions defined by deep neural networks as definable objects in an o-miminal expansion of the real field, and derive an almost linear (in the number of weights) bound on sample complexity of such networks.

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Alexander Usvyatsov

Model complexity is a fundamental problem in deep learning. In this paper we conduct a systematic overview of the latest studies on model complexity in deep learning. Model complexity of deep learning can be categorized into expressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Xia Hu , Lingyang Chu , Jian Pei , Weiqing Liu , Jiang Bian

Along with the great success of deep neural networks, there is also growing concern about their black-box nature. The interpretability issue affects people's trust on deep learning systems. It is also related to many ethical problems, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Yu Zhang , Peter Tiňo , Aleš Leonardis , Ke Tang

We present a new framework to measure the intrinsic properties of (deep) neural networks. While we focus on convolutional networks, our framework can be extrapolated to any network architecture. In particular, we evaluate two network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Alberto Badias , Ashis Banerjee

Properties such as composability and automatic differentiation made artificial neural networks a pervasive tool in applications. Tackling more challenging problems caused neural networks to progressively become more complex and thus…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-07 Mattia G. Bergomi , Pietro Vertechi

Converging evidence suggests that the mammalian ventral visual pathway encodes increasingly complex stimulus features in downstream areas. Using deep convolutional neural networks, we can now quantitatively demonstrate that there is indeed…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-03-13 Umut Güçlü , Marcel A. J. van Gerven

In many contexts, simpler models are preferable to more complex models and the control of this model complexity is the goal for many methods in machine learning such as regularization, hyperparameter tuning and architecture design. In deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Benoit Dherin , Michael Munn , Mihaela Rosca , David G. T. Barrett

I aim to show that models, classification or generating functions, invariances and datasets are algorithmically equivalent concepts once properly defined, and provide some concrete examples of them. I then show that a) neural networks (NNs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-19 Giulio Ruffini

Single neurons in neural networks are often interpretable in that they represent individual, intuitively meaningful features. However, many neurons exhibit $\textit{mixed selectivity}$, i.e., they represent multiple unrelated features. A…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-19 David Klindt , Sophia Sanborn , Francisco Acosta , Frédéric Poitevin , Nina Miolane

The proliferation of deep neural networks in various domains has seen an increased need for interpretability of these models. Preliminary work done along this line and papers that surveyed such, are focused on high-level representation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Hassan Sajjad , Nadir Durrani , Fahim Dalvi

We can define a neural network that can learn to recognize objects in less than 100 lines of code. However, after training, it is characterized by millions of weights that contain the knowledge about many object types across visual scenes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Timothy P. Lillicrap , Konrad P. Kording
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