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Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus, a cornerstone of blockchain technology, has seen significant advancements. While existing BFT protocols ensure security guarantees, they often suffer from efficiency challenges, particularly under…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Qingming Zeng , Mo Li , Ximing Fu , Chuanyi Liu , Hui Jiang

Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) web services provide critical integrity guarantees for distributed applications but face significant latency challenges that hinder interactive user experiences. We propose a novel two-layer architecture that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Ahmad Zaki Akmal , Azkario Rizky Pratama , Guntur Dharma Putra

Consensus protocols play a pivotal role to balance security and efficiency in blockchain systems. In this paper, we propose an evaluation framework for blockchain consensus protocols termed as AlphaBlock. In this framework, we compare the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Haitao Xiang , Zhijie Ren , Ziheng Zhou , Ning Wang , Hanqing Jin

This paper introduces Flexible BFT, a new approach for BFT consensus solution design revolving around two pillars, stronger resilience and diversity. The first pillar, stronger resilience, involves a new fault model called alive-but-corrupt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Dahlia Malkhi , Kartik Nayak , Ling Ren

LibraBFT is a Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus protocol based on HotStuff. We present an abstract model of the protocol underlying HotStuff / LibraBFT, and formal, machine-checked proofs of their core correctness (safety) property…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Harold Carr , Christopher Jenkins , Mark Moir , Victor Cacciari Miraldo , Lisandra Silva

Byzantine Fault-Tolerant (BFT) protocols have been proposed to tolerate malicious behaviors in state machine replications. With classic BFT protocols, the total number of replicas is known and fixed a priori. The resilience of BFT…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Jiangshan Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of applications. However, individual LLMs often produce inconsistent, biased, or hallucinated outputs due to limitations in their training corpora and model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Haoxiang Luo , Gang Sun , Yinqiu Liu , Dongcheng Zhao , Dusit Niyato , Hongfang Yu , Schahram Dustdar

This paper presents TetraBFT, a novel unauthenticated Byzantine fault tolerant protocol for solving consensus in partial synchrony, eliminating the need for public key cryptography and ensuring resilience against computationally unbounded…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Qianyu Yu , Giuliano Losa , Xuechao Wang

We present Carnot, a leader-based Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus protocol that is responsive and operates under the partially synchronous model. Responsive BFT consensus protocols exhibit wire-speed operation and deliver…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Mohammad M. Jalalzai , Alexander Mozeika , Marcin P. Pawlowski , Ganesh Narayanaswamy

Existing Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) protocols face significant challenges in the consortium blockchain scenario. On the one hand, we can make little assumptions about the reliability and security of the underlying Internet. On the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Peilun Li , Guosai Wang , Xiaoqi Chen , Wei Xu

Byzantine fault-tolerant agreement (BFT) in a partially synchronous system usually requires 3f + 1 nodes to tolerate f faulty replicas. Due to their high throughput and finality property BFT algorithms build the core of recent permissioned…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Ines Messadi , Markus Horst Becker , Kai Bleeke , Leander Jehl , Sonia Ben Mokhtar , Rüdiger Kapitza

The concept of distributed consensus originated in the 1970s and gained widespread attention following Leslie Lamport's influential publication on the Byzantine Generals Problem in the 1980s. Over the past five decades, distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Huanyu Wu , Chentao Yue , Yixuan Fan , Yonghui Li , Lei Zhang

It is a critical matter for a blockchain system whether a Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) can be guaranteed during a consensus process. Can connected vehicles (CVs) achieve the BFT consensus when the vehicles keep mobile? This paper seeks…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Seungmo Kim , Byung-Jun Kim

Byzantine consensus is a critical component in many permissioned Blockchains and distributed ledgers. We propose a new paradigm for designing BFT protocols called DQBFT that addresses three major performance and scalability challenges that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Balaji Arun , Binoy Ravindran

In this paper we present an open source, fully asynchronous, leaderless algorithm for reaching consensus in the presence of Byzantine faults in an asynchronous network. We prove the algorithm's correctness provided that less than a third of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Pierre Chevalier , Bartlomiej Kaminski , Fraser Hutchison , Qi Ma , Spandan Sharma , Andreas Fackler , William J Buchanan

With the rapid development of blockchain, Byzantine fault-tolerant protocols have attracted revived interest recently. To overcome the theoretical bounds of Byzantine fault tolerance, many protocols attempt to use Trusted Execution…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Jiashuo Zhang , Jianbo Gao , Ke Wang , Zhenhao Wu , Ying Lan , Zhi Guan , Zhong Chen

There is a resurgence of interest in Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) systems due to blockchains. However, leader-based BFT consensus protocols used by permissioned blockchains have limited scalability and robustness. To alleviate the leader…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Fangyu Gai , Jianyu Niu , Ivan Beschastnikh , Chen Feng , Sheng Wang

Quorum systems are a key abstraction in distributed fault-tolerant computing for capturing trust assumptions. They can be found at the core of many algorithms for implementing reliable broadcasts, shared memory, consensus and other…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Orestis Alpos , Christian Cachin , Björn Tackmann , Luca Zanolini

Consensus is arguably one of the most important notions in distributed computing. Among asynchronous, randomized, and signature-free implementations, the protocols of Most\'efaoui et al. (PODC 2014 and JACM 2015) represent a landmark…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Christian Cachin , Luca Zanolini

Synchronous consensus protocols offer a significant advantage over their asynchronous and partially synchronous counterparts by providing higher fault tolerance -- an essential benefit in distributed systems, like blockchains, where…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Nenad Milošević , Daniel Cason , Zarko Milošević , Robert Soulé , Fernando Pedone