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Automation of existing Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) is important but hard to achieve. Upstream of making the GUI user-accessible or somehow scriptable, even the data-collection to understand the original interface poses significant…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Iason Chaimalas , Arnas Vyšniauskas , Gabriel Brostow

Autonomous GUI agents based on vision-language models (VLMs) often assume deterministic environment responses, generating actions without verifying whether previous operations succeeded. In real-world settings with network latency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yuzhe Zhang , Xianwei Xue , Xingyong Wu , Mengke Chen , Chen Liu , Xinran He , Run Shao , Feiran Liu , Huanmin Xu , Qiutong Pan , Haiwei Wang

User Interface (UI) understanding has been an increasingly popular topic over the last few years. So far, there has been a vast focus solely on web and mobile applications. In this paper, we introduce the harder task of computer UI…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Andrés Muñoz , Daniel Borrajo

In black-box testing of GUI applications (a form of system testing), a dynamic analysis of the GUI application is used to infer a black-box model; the black-box model is then used to derive test cases for the test of the GUI application. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-10-18 Stephan Arlt , Evren Ermis , Sergio Feo-Arenis , Andreas Podelski

(M)LLM-powered computer use agents (CUA) are emerging as a transformative technique to automate human-computer interaction. However, existing CUA benchmarks predominantly target GUI agents, whose evaluation methods are susceptible to UI…

We propose a lightweight, and temporally and spatially aware user behaviour modelling technique for sensor-based authentication. Operating in the background, our data driven technique compares current behaviour with a user profile. If the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-10-29 Hilmi Gunes Kayacik , Mike Just , Lynne Baillie , David Aspinall , Nicholas Micallef

In this paper, we present a review of the recent work in deep learning methods for user interface design. The survey encompasses well known deep learning techniques (deep neural networks, convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Subtain Malik , Muhammad Tariq Saeed , Marya Jabeen Zia , Shahzad Rasool , Liaquat Ali Khan , Mian Ilyas Ahmed

Designing a user interface for military situation awareness presents challenges for managing information in a useful and usable manner. We present an integrated set of functions for the presentation of and interaction with information for a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Mark A. Livingston , Zhuming Ai , Kevin Karsch , Gregory O. Gibson

To counter fragmented, high-risk adoption of commercial AI tools, we built and ran an institutional AI platform in a six-month, 300-user pilot, showing that a university of applied sciences can offer advanced AI with fair access,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Ruud Huijts , Koen Suilen

Interactive systems are omnipresent today and the need to create graphical user interfaces (GUIs) is just as ubiquitous. For the elicitation and validation of requirements, GUI prototyping is a well-known and effective technique, typically…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Kristian Kolthoff , Felix Kretzer , Christian Bartelt , Alexander Maedche , Simone Paolo Ponzetto

Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are integral parts of software systems that require interactions from their users. Software testers have paid special attention to GUI testing in the last decade, and have devised techniques that are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-03-29 Valéria Lelli , Arnaud Blouin , Benoit Baudry

Graphical user interfaces (GUIs), due to their event driven nature, present a potentially unbounded space of all possible ways to interact with software. During testing it becomes necessary to effectively sample this space. In this paper we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-05-23 Stephan Arlt , Ishan Banerjee , Cristiano Bertolini , Atif M. Memon , Martin Schäf

Part of what makes the web successful is that anyone can publish content and browsers maintain certain safety guarantees. For example, it's safe to travel between links and make other trust decisions on the web because users can always…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Diane Hosfelt , Jessica Outlaw , Tyesha Snow , Sara Carbonneau

The Graphical User Interface (GUI) is how users interact with mobile apps. To ensure it functions properly, testing engineers have to make sure it functions as intended, based on test requirements that are typically written in natural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Yongxiang Hu , Xuan Wang , Yingchuan Wang , Yu Zhang , Shiyu Guo , Chaoyi Chen , Xin Wang , Yangfan Zhou

Intelligent services provide the power of AI to developers via simple RESTful API endpoints, abstracting away many complexities of machine learning. However, most of these intelligent services-such as computer vision-continually learn with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Alex Cummaudo , Scott Barnett , Rajesh Vasa , John Grundy , Mohamed Abdelrazek

Context: Albeit different approaches exist for automated GUI testing of hybrid mobile applications, the practice appears to be not so commonly adopted by developers. A possible reason for such a low diffusion can be the fragility of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Riccardo Coppola , Luca Ardito , Marco Torchiano

Research and development in computer science and statistics have produced increasingly sophisticated software interfaces for interactive and exploratory analysis, optimized for easy pattern finding and data exposure. But design philosophies…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Jessica Hullman , Andrew Gelman

We explore a new domain of learning to infer user interface attributes that helps developers automate the process of user interface implementation. Concretely, given an input image created by a designer, we learn to infer its implementation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Philippe Schlattner , Pavol Bielik , Martin Vechev

Recent years have witnessed a rapid development of mobile GUI agents powered by large language models (LLMs), which can autonomously execute diverse device-control tasks based on natural language instructions. The increasing accuracy of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Guohong Liu , Jialei Ye , Jiacheng Liu , Yuanchun Li , Wei Liu , Pengzhi Gao , Jian Luan , Yunxin Liu

Nowadays, user authentication is one of the important topics in information security. Strong textbased password schemes could provide with certain degree of security. However, the fact that strong passwords are difficult to memorize often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-12-08 Farnaz Towhidi , Maslin Masrom