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The increasing deployment of wearable sensors and implantable devices is shifting AI processing demands to the extreme edge, necessitating ultra-low power for continuous operation. Inspired by the brain, emerging memristive devices promise…

Emerging edge computing platforms often contain machine learning (ML) accelerators that can accelerate inference for a wide range of neural network (NN) models. These models are designed to fit within the limited area and energy constraints…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Amirali Boroumand , Saugata Ghose , Berkin Akin , Ravi Narayanaswami , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Xiaoyu Ma , Eric Shiu , Onur Mutlu

Hardware-aware Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is one of the most promising techniques for designing efficient Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) for resource-constrained devices. Surrogate models play a crucial role in hardware-aware NAS as they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Azaz-Ur-Rehman Nasir , Samroz Ahmad Shoaib , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Muhammad Shafique

We examine the computational energy requirements of different systems driven by the geometrical scaling law, and increasing use of Artificial Intelligence or Machine Learning (AI-ML) over the last decade. With more scientific and technology…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Sadasivan Shankar , Albert Reuther

Recently, backpropagation through time inspired learning algorithms are widely introduced into SNNs to improve the performance, which brings the possibility to attack the models accurately given Spatio-temporal gradient maps. We propose two…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Ling Liang , Xing Hu , Lei Deng , Yujie Wu , Guoqi Li , Yufei Ding , Peng Li , Yuan Xie

In particular, large-scale deep learning and artificial intelligence model training uses a lot of computational power and energy, so it poses serious sustainability issues. The fast rise in model complexity has resulted in exponential…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yashasvi Makin , Rahul Maliakkal

In this paper we propose to augment a modern neural-network architecture with an attention model inspired by human perception. Specifically, we adversarially train and analyze a neural model incorporating a human inspired, visual attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Daniel Zoran , Mike Chrzanowski , Po-Sen Huang , Sven Gowal , Alex Mott , Pushmeet Kohl

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are potential competitors to artificial neural networks (ANNs) due to their high energy-efficiency on neuromorphic hardware. However, SNNs are unfolded over simulation time steps during the training process.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Hong Zhang , Yu Zhang

Neuromorphic Computing (NC) and Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) in particular are often viewed as the next generation of Neural Networks (NNs). NC is a novel bio-inspired paradigm for energy efficient neural computation, often relying on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Andreas Ziegler , Karl Vetter , Thomas Gossard , Jonas Tebbe , Sebastian Otte , Andreas Zell

We propose a generic algorithmic building block to accelerate training of machine learning models on heterogeneous compute systems. Our scheme allows to efficiently employ compute accelerators such as GPUs and FPGAs for the training of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Celestine Dünner , Thomas Parnell , Martin Jaggi

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are the third generation of neural networks and can explore both rate and temporal coding for energy-efficient event-driven computation. However, the decision accuracy of existing SNN designs is contingent…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Changqing Xu , Wenrui Zhang , Yu Liu , Peng Li

This paper examines dynamic energy consumption caused by data during software execution on deeply embedded microprocessors, which can be significant on some devices. In worst-case energy consumption analysis, energy models are used to find…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-02-22 Jeremy Morse , Steve Kerrison , Kerstin Eder

Ensuring energy-efficient design in neuromorphic computing systems necessitates a tailored architecture combined with algorithmic approaches. This manuscript focuses on enhancing brain-inspired perceptual computing machines through a novel…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Ali Shiri Sichani , Sai Kankatala

As the internet continues to be populated with new devices and emerging technologies, the attack surface grows exponentially. Technology is shifting towards a profit-driven Internet of Things market where security is an afterthought.…

While hardware-software co-design has significantly improved the efficiency of neural network inference, modeling the training phase remains a critical yet underexplored challenge. Training workloads impose distinct constraints,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jérémy Morlier , Robin Geens , Stef Cuyckens , Arne Symons , Marian Verhelst , Vincent Gripon , Mathieu Léonardon

The proliferation of IoT devices and advancements in network technologies have intensified the demand for real-time data processing at the network edge. To address these demands, low-power AI accelerators, particularly GPUs, are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Abhinaba Chakraborty , Wouter Tavernier , Akis Kourtis , Mario Pickavet , Andreas Oikonomakis , Didier Colle

Deep neural networks are extremely successful in various applications, however they exhibit high computational demands and energy consumption. This is exacerbated by stuttering technology scaling, prompting the need for novel approaches to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Hendrik Borras , Bernhard Klein , Holger Fröning

Adversarial attacks on data-driven algorithms applied in the power system will be a new type of threat to grid security. Literature has demonstrated that the adversarial attack on the deep-neural network can significantly mislead the load…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Jiawei Li , Jianxiao Wang , Lin Chen , Yang Yu

The success of deep neural networks (DNNs) is attributable to three factors: increased compute capacity, more complex models, and more data. These factors, however, are not always present, especially for edge applications such as autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-26 Bichen Wu

Structured prediction energy networks (SPENs; Belanger & McCallum 2016) use neural network architectures to define energy functions that can capture arbitrary dependencies among parts of structured outputs. Prior work used gradient descent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Lifu Tu , Kevin Gimpel