Related papers: Total and Partial Pressure Measurement

Measuring the relative humidity of air is an important challenge for meteorological measurements, food conservation, building design, and evaporation control, among other applications. Relative humidity can be measured with a psychrometer,…

The combination of high pressure techniques with neutron scattering proves to be a powerful tool for studying the phase transitions and physical properties of solids in terms of inter-atomic distances. In our report we are going to review a…

Water vapour inside the mass comparator enclosure is a critical parameter. In fact, fluctuations of this parameter during mass weighing can lead to errors in the determination of an unknown mass. To control that, a proposal method is given…

The study considers advantages of the introduced measure of time based on the entropy change under irreversible processes (entropy production). Using the example of non-equilibrium expansion of an ideal gas in vacuum, such a measure is…

In this chapter we review observations and techniques for measuring both bulk flows in prominences and prominence mass. Measuring these quantities is essential to development and testing of models discussed throughout this book. Prominence…

Making measurements on single quantum systems is considered difficult, almost impossible if the state is a-priori unknown. Protective measurements suggest a possibility to measure single quantum systems and gain some new information in the…

This report describes a method for the primary calibration of phase noise and amplitude noise measurement systems. In the field of metrology, the term "primary" refers to a standard whose quantity value and measurement uncertainty are…

A new method of absolute calibration of sky noise temperature using a three-position switched spectrometer, measurements of antenna and low noise amplifier impedance with a vector network analyzer, and ancillary measurements of the…

The goal of this paper is to define and investigate those topological pressures, which is an extension of topological entropy presented by Feng and Huang [13], of continuous transformations. This study reveals the similarity between many…

We prove the existence of an ergodic measure with full Hausdorff dimension for a class of nonlinear nonconformal skew-product transformations. In order to do so we establish a variational principle for the topological pressure of certain…

Quantum gas microscopes offer unprecedented insights into quantum many-body states of cold atomic gases. Here we introduce concrete protocols for extending quantum gas microscopes to measure in phase space, by mapping momentum onto…

A model of quantum measurement is proposed, which aims to describe statistical mechanical aspects of this phenomenon, starting from a purely Hamiltonian formulation. The macroscopic measurement apparatus is modeled as an ideal Bose gas, the…

Atomic sensors have shown great promise for density and pressure metrology in the high, ultra-high, and extremely-high vacuum regimes. Specifically, the density of background gas particles in vacuum can be determined by measuring the…

The polarization state of starlight reflected by a planetary atmosphere uniquely reveals coverage, particle size, and composition of aerosols as well as changing cloud patterns. It is not possible to obtain a comparable level of detailed…

We show how to determine the maximum and minimum possible values of one measure of entropy for a given value of another measure of entropy. These maximum and minimum values are obtained for two standard forms of probability distribution (or…

Gravitational wave observations offer unique opportunities to probe gravity in the strong and dynamical regime, which was difficult to access previously. We here review two theory-agnostic ways to carry out tests of general relativity with…

Quantum measurement is physically realized through a finite dynamical interaction between a system and a measuring apparatus, giving rise to a continuous transition from weak to strong regimes. While this crossover is well understood under…

We show that extreme vacuum pressures can be measured with current technology by detecting the photons produced by the relativistic Thomson scattering of ultra-intense laser light by the electrons of the medium. We compute the amount of…

Topological pressures of the preimages of $\epsilon$-stable sets and some certain closed subsets of stable sets in positive entropy systems are investigated. It is showed that the topological pressure of any topological system can be…

Mass measurement of a particle whose decay products including invisible particles is a challenging task at colliders. For a new physics model involving a dark matter candidate $N$ and a $Z_2$ symmetry that stabilizes it, a typical new…