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Conformal prediction, which makes no distributional assumptions about the data, has emerged as a powerful and reliable approach to uncertainty quantification in practical applications. The nonconformity measure used in conformal prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yuko Kato , David M. J. Tax , Marco Loog

Conformal prediction is an emerging technique for uncertainty quantification that constructs prediction sets guaranteed to contain the true label with a predefined probability. Previous works often employ temperature scaling to calibrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Huajun Xi , Jianguo Huang , Kangdao Liu , Lei Feng , Hongxin Wei

The paper presents an application of Conformal Predictors to a chemoinformatics problem of identifying activities of chemical compounds. The paper addresses some specific challenges of this domain: a large number of compounds (training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-16 Paolo Toccacheli , Ilia Nouretdinov , Alexander Gammerman

We introduce Conformal Decision Theory, a framework for producing safe autonomous decisions despite imperfect machine learning predictions. Examples of such decisions are ubiquitous, from robot planning algorithms that rely on pedestrian…

We study e-values for quantifying evidence against exchangeability and general invariance of a random variable under a compact group. We start by characterizing such e-values, and explaining how they nest traditional group invariance tests…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Nick W. Koning

Conformal prediction is an uncertainty quantification method that constructs a prediction set for a previously unseen datum, ensuring the true label is included with a predetermined coverage probability. Adaptive conformal prediction has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Erfan Hajihashemi , Yanning Shen

Conformal prediction equips machine learning models with a reasonable notion of uncertainty quantification without making strong distributional assumptions. It wraps around any prediction model and converts point predictions into set…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-21 Matteo Gasparin , Aaditya Ramdas

While recent years have witnessed the emergence of various explainable methods in machine learning, to what degree the explanations really represent the reasoning process behind the model prediction -- namely, the faithfulness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Yingqiang Ge , Shuchang Liu , Zelong Li , Shuyuan Xu , Shijie Geng , Yunqi Li , Juntao Tan , Fei Sun , Yongfeng Zhang

In online selective conformal inference, data arrives sequentially, and prediction intervals are constructed only when an online selection rule is met. Since online selections may break the exchangeability between the selected test datum…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-24 Yusuf Sale , Aaditya Ramdas

In deploying artificial intelligence (AI) models, selective prediction offers the option to abstain from making a prediction when uncertain about model quality. To fulfill its promise, it is crucial to enforce strict and precise error…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-27 Tian Bai , Ying Jin

Given well-shuffled data, can we determine whether the data items are statistically (in)dependent? Formally, we consider the problem of testing whether a set of exchangeable random variables are independent. We will show that this is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Marcus Hutter

The electron and photon structure functions are compared. Advantages of the electron structure function are demonstrated. At very high momenta probabilistic (partonic) interpretation can be preserved despite strong $\gamma$-$Z$…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Wojciech Slominski , Jerzy Szwed

In the past decades, most work in the area of data analysis and machine learning was focused on optimizing predictive models and getting better results than what was possible with existing models. To what extent the metrics with which such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-06 Nicolas Dewolf

In mutation testing the question whether a mutant is equivalent to its program is important in order to compute the correct mutation score. Unfortunately, answering this question is not always possible and can hardly be obtained just by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-07-11 Simona Nica , Franz Wotawa

This paper presents a new approach for assessing uncertainty in machine translation by simultaneously evaluating translation quality and providing a reliable confidence score. Our approach utilizes conformal predictive distributions to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Patrizio Giovannotti

Computer-based tests with randomly generated questions allow a large number of different tests to be generated. Given a fixed number of alternatives for each question, the number of tests that need to be generated before all possible…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-03-04 Charles M. Goldie , Rosie Cornish , Carol L. Robinson

Conformal inference is a fundamental and versatile tool that provides distribution-free guarantees for many machine learning tasks. We consider the transductive setting, where decisions are made on a test sample of $m$ new points, giving…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-20 Ulysse Gazin , Gilles Blanchard , Etienne Roquain

This paper presents a theory of error in cross-validation testing of algorithms for predicting real-valued attributes. The theory justifies the claim that predicting real-valued attributes requires balancing the conflicting demands of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter D. Turney

Traditional recommendation algorithms develop techniques that can help people to choose desirable items. However, in many real-world applications, along with a set of recommendations, it is also essential to quantify each recommendation's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Venkateswara Rao Kagita , Arun K Pujari , Vineet Padmanabhan , Vikas Kumar

Researchers are increasingly subjecting artificial intelligence systems to psychological testing. But to rigorously compare their cognitive capacities with humans and other animals, we must avoid both over- and under-stating our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Konstantinos Voudouris , Lucy G. Cheke , Eric Schulz