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We make predictions for momentum-integrated elliptic and triangular flow as well as mean transverse momentum for 5.02 TeV Pb-Pb collisions, as planned at the Large Hadron Collider. We use hydrodynamic calculations to predict the change of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-03-30 Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler , Matthew Luzum , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

I review recent measurements of a large set of flow observables associated with event-shape fluctuations and collective expansion in heavy ion collisions. First, these flow observables are classified and experiment methods are introduced.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-22 Jiangyong Jia

The relativistic hydrodynamic model is applied to describe the expansion of the dense matter formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The hydrodynamic expansion of the fluid, supplemented with the statistical emission of hadrons at…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-03-27 Piotr Bozek

One of the long-standing problems in the field of high-energy heavy-ion collisions is that the dynamical models based on viscous hydrodynamics fail to describe the experimental elliptic flow $v_2$ and the triangular flow $v_3$…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-05-31 Kenshi Kuroki , Azumi Sakai , Koichi Murase , Tetsufumi Hirano

The correlation between the harmonic flow and the transverse flow in relativistic heavy ion collisions is calculated in the hydrodynamic model. The partial correlation coefficient, corrected for fluctuations of multiplicity, is compared to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-07-01 Piotr Bozek , Hadi Mehrabpour

The experimental observation of collective behaviour in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions poses a fundamental theoretical question regarding the proper characterization of the initial state underlying hydrodynamic evolution. While…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-28 Gabriel Rabelo-Soares , Gojko Vujanovic , Giorgio Torrieri

Hydrodynamic expansion of the hot fireball created in relativistic Au-Au collisions at 200GeV in 3+1-dimensions is studied. We obtain a simultaneous, satisfactory description of the transverse momentum spectra, elliptic flow and pion…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-05-01 Piotr Bozek , Iwona Wyskiel

We discuss the early evolution of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions within a multi-fluid dynamical model. In particular, we show that due to the finite mean-free path of the particles compression shock waves are smeared out…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-02-23 A. Dumitru , J. Brachmann , M. Bleicher , J. A. Maruhn , H. Stoecker , W. Greiner

We perform 3+1D viscous hydrodynamic calculations of proton-lead and lead-lead collisions at top LHC energy. We show that existing data from high-multiplicity p-Pb events can be well described in hydrodynamics, suggesting that collective…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-05-16 Igor Kozlov , Matthew Luzum , Gabriel Denicol , Sangyong Jeon , Charles Gale

We show that the event-by-event fluctuations of the transverse size of the initial source, which follow directly from the Glauber treatment of the earliest stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, cause, after hydrodynamic evolution,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-03-31 Wojciech Broniowski , Mikolaj Chojnacki , Lukasz Obara

Using deep convolutional neural network (CNN), the nature of the QCD transition can be identified from the final-state pion spectra from hybrid model simulations of heavy-ion collisions that combines a viscous hydrodynamic model with a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-06-16 Yi-Lun Du , Kai Zhou , Jan Steinheimer , Long-Gang Pang , Anton Motornenko , Hong-Shi Zong , Xin-Nian Wang , Horst Stöcker

High-energy nuclear collisions exhibit collective flow, which emerges as a dynamical response of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) to the initial state geometry of the collision. Collective flow in heavy-ion collisions is usually described…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-21 Victor E. Ambrus , Sören Schlichting , Clemens Werthmann

We propose a modification of the hydrodynamic model of the dynamics in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions. A modification of the energy-momentum tensor at the initial stage describes the lack of isotropization of the pressure.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-09-24 P. Bozek

The effects of fluctuating initial conditions are studied in the context of relativistic heavy ion collisions where a rapidly evolving system is formed. Two particle correlation analysis is applied to events generated with the NEXSPHERIO…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 J. Takahashi , B. M. Tavares , W. L. Qian , R. Andrade , F. Grassi , Y. Hama , T. Kodama , N. Xu

We analyze the evolution of hydrodynamic fluctuations in a heavy ion collision as the system passes close to the QCD critical point. We introduce two small dimensionless parameters $\lambda$ and $\Delta_s$ to characterize the evolution.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-10-09 Yukinao Akamatsu , Derek Teaney , Fanglida Yan , Yi Yin

In the present work we propose a new initial state model for hydrodynamic simulation of relativistic heavy ion collisions based on Bjorken-like solution applied streak by streak in the transverse plane. Previous fluid dynamical calculations…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-06-13 V. K. Magas , J. Gordillo , D. Strottman , Y. L. Xie , L. P. Csernai

We show that in ideal hydrodynamic simulations of heavy-ion collisions, initial state fluctuations result in an increase of the mean transverse momentum of outgoing hadrons, $\langle p_t\rangle$. Specifically, $\langle p_t\rangle$ is larger…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-02-03 Fernando G. Gardim , Giuliano Giacalone , Matthew Luzum , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

The early stages in the evolution of the gluons produced in the central region of a head-on high-energy heavy ion collision is studied. An equation is given for the rate of change of transverse momentum into longitudinal momentum where the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 A. H. Mueller

Higher-order anisotropic flows in heavy-ion collisions are affected by nonlinear mode coupling effects. It has been suggested that the associated nonlinear hydrodynamic response coefficients probe the transport properties and are largely…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-06-22 Jing Qian , Ulrich W. Heinz , Jia Liu

We develop a systematic framework for the study of the initial collision geometry fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and investigate how they evolve through different stages of the fireball history and translate into final…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-12-28 Guang-You Qin , Hannah Petersen , Steffen A. Bass , Berndt Müller