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The average extensive air shower longitudinal development profile as a function of shower age in the energy range from 10$^{17}$ to 10$^{18}$eV is measured using data from the hybrid HiRes/MIA experiment. An angular bin signal based…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 T. Abu-Zayyad et. al

The simulation of the extensive air showers was performed by investigating the longitudinal development parameters (N and Xmax) by using AIRES system version 19.04.0. The simulation was performed at the energy range (10^18-10^20 eV) for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-04 Abbas Rahi Raham , A. A. Al-Rubaiee , Majida H. Al-Kubaisy

The lateral density data obtained for different secondaries of an extensive air shower (EAS) from an array of detectors are usually described by some suitable lateral density functions (LDFs). Analyzing non-vertical simulated EASs generated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-14 Animesh Basak , Rajat K. Dey

Over the last years, radio detection has matured to become a competitive method for the detection of air showers. Arrays of thousands of antennas are now envisioned for the detection of cosmic rays of ultra high energy or neutrinos of…

The footprint of radio emission from extensive air showers is known to exhibit asymmetries due to the superposition of geomagnetic and charge-excess radiation. For inclined air showers a geometric early-late effect disturbs the signal…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-01 Felix Schlüter , Marvin Gottowik , Tim Huege , Julian Rautenberg

Muon rate models play a key role in converting measured data into information on the density distributions of a target. Any given muography measurement, either in transmission or in scattering mode, requires a proper modelization of the…

In air shower experiments information about the initial cosmic ray particle or about the shower development is obtained by exploiting the correlations between the quantities of interest and the directly measurable quantities. It is shown…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Wolfgang Wittek , Harald Kornmayer , The HEGRA Collaboration

We use CoREAS simulations to study the ratio of geomagnetic and Askaryan radio emission from cosmic-ray air showers at the location of the South Pole. The fraction of Askaryan emission relative to the total emission is determined by the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-02 Ek Narayan Paudel , Alan Coleman , Frank G. Schroeder

We analyse the sensitivity of geosynchrotron radio emission from inclined extensive air showers to the energy and mass of primary cosmic rays. We demonstrate that radio emission measurements at suitable lateral distances can infer both the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-07-26 T. Huege , R. Ulrich , R. Engel

Analyzing measurements of the LOPES antenna array together with corresponding CoREAS simulations for more than 300 measured events with energy above $10^{17}\,$eV and zenith angles smaller than $45^\circ$, we find that the radio wavefront…

The generation of initial conditions via accurate data assimilation is crucial for weather forecasting and climate modeling. We propose DiffDA as a denoising diffusion model capable of assimilating atmospheric variables using predicted…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Langwen Huang , Lukas Gianinazzi , Yuejiang Yu , Peter D. Dueben , Torsten Hoefler

The detection of inclined air showers (zenith angles $\theta \gtrsim 65^\circ$) with kilometer-spaced radio-antenna arrays allows measuring cosmic rays at ultra-high energies ($E \lesssim 10^{20}\,\mathrm{eV}$). Radio and particle detector…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-11 Felix Schlüter , Tim Huege

Reanalysis products such as the ERA5 reanalysis are commonly used as proxies for observed atmospheric conditions. These products are convenient to use due to their global coverage, the large number of available atmospheric variables and the…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-03 Silius M. Vandeskog , Thordis L. Thorarinsdottir , Alex Lenkoski

The most important goal of studying an extensive air shower is to find the energy, mass and arrival direction of its primary cosmic ray. In order to find these parameters, the core position and arrival direction of the shower should be…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-04 H. Hedayati Kh. , A. Anvari , M. Bahmanabadi , J. Samimi , M. Khakian Ghomi

Based on solutions of the cascade equations, the air-shower universality is a framework that for all air showers with the same energy, zenith angle, depth of shower maximum, and muon number predicts the same longitudinal, lateral, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-15 Maximilian Stadelmaier

This proceeding gives a summary of the current status and open questions of the radio technique for cosmic-ray air showers, assuming that the reader is already familiar with the principles. It includes recent results of selected experiments…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-03-20 Frank G. Schröder

The particle showers produced in the atmosphere due to the interactions of primary cosmic particles require a thorough understanding in the backdrop of searches for rare interactions. In this work, we made a comprehensive study of air…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-02-15 Hariom Sogarwal , Prashant Shukla

Analysis of radio signals from cosmic-ray induced air showers has been shown to be a reliable method to extract shower parameters such as primary energy and depth of shower maximum. The required detailed air shower simulations take 1 to 3…

In this work the simulation of the Extensive Air Showers was performed by investigating the longitudinal development parameters (N and Xmax) by using a system for air shower simulation which is called AIRES version 2.6.0 at the energy range…

General Physics · Physics 2013-09-16 A. Ahmed Al-Rubaiee , Ahmed Jumaah

High-energy cosmic rays, impinging on the atmosphere of the Earth initiate cascades of secondary particles, the extensive air showers. The electrons and positrons in the air shower emit electromagnetic radiation. This emission is detected…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-05-12 Jörg R. Hörandel , LOFAR key science project Cosmic Rays