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In neural machine translation, cross entropy (CE) is the standard loss function in two training methods of auto-regressive models, i.e., teacher forcing and scheduled sampling. In this paper, we propose mixed cross entropy loss (mixed CE)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Haoran Li , Wei Lu

In this paper, we investigate the use of discourse-aware rewards with reinforcement learning to guide a model to generate long, coherent text. In particular, we propose to learn neural rewards to model cross-sentence ordering as a means to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Antoine Bosselut , Asli Celikyilmaz , Xiaodong He , Jianfeng Gao , Po-Sen Huang , Yejin Choi

Trajectory optimizers for model-based reinforcement learning, such as the Cross-Entropy Method (CEM), can yield compelling results even in high-dimensional control tasks and sparse-reward environments. However, their sampling inefficiency…

Recent works in high-dimensional model-predictive control and model-based reinforcement learning with learned dynamics and reward models have resorted to population-based optimization methods, such as the Cross-Entropy Method (CEM), for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Homanga Bharadhwaj , Kevin Xie , Florian Shkurti

In this work, we introduce the demonstration of symbolic music generation, focusing on providing short musical motifs that serve as the central theme of the narrative. For the generation, we adopt an autoregressive model which takes musical…

The cross-entropy objective has proved to be an all-purpose training objective for autoregressive language models (LMs). However, without considering the penalization of problematic tokens, LMs trained using cross-entropy exhibit text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Shaojie Jiang , Ruqing Zhang , Svitlana Vakulenko , Maarten de Rijke

Large pre-trained language models (LMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating long, fluent text; however, there is little to no analysis on their ability to maintain entity coherence and consistency. In this work, we focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Pinelopi Papalampidi , Kris Cao , Tomas Kocisky

We introduce a novel playlist generation algorithm that focuses on the quality of transitions using a recurrent neural network (RNN). The proposed model assumes that optimal transitions between tracks can be modelled and predicted by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-08 Keunwoo Choi , George Fazekas , Mark Sandler

A learning task, understood as the problem of fitting a parametric model from supervised data, fundamentally requires the dataset to be large enough to be representative of the underlying distribution of the source. When data is limited,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Leopoldo Agorio , Juan Cerviño , Miguel Calvo-Fullana , Alejandro Ribeiro , Juan Andrés Bazerque

In many high-impact applications, it is important to ensure the quality of output of a machine learning algorithm as well as its reliability in comparison with the complexity of the algorithm used. In this paper, we have initiated a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Katarina Doctor , Tong Mao , Hrushikesh Mhaskar

There is no such thing as a perfect dataset. In some datasets, deep neural networks discover underlying heuristics that allow them to take shortcuts in the learning process, resulting in poor generalization capability. Instead of using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Frano Rajič , Ivan Stresec , Axel Marmet , Tim Poštuvan

In music source separation, a standard training data augmentation procedure is to create new training samples by randomly combining instrument stems from different songs. These random mixes have mismatched characteristics compared to real…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-29 Chang-Bin Jeon , Gordon Wichern , François G. Germain , Jonathan Le Roux

Multi-view learning accomplishes the task objectives of classification by leverag-ing the relationships between different views of the same object. Most existing methods usually focus on consistency and complementarity between multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Jian-wei Liu , Yuan-fang Wang , Run-kun Lu , Xionglin Luo

We empirically investigate the (negative) expected accuracy as an alternative loss function to cross entropy (negative log likelihood) for classification tasks. Coupled with softmax activation, it has small derivatives over most of its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Ozan İrsoy

We explore the use of a neural network inspired by predictive coding for modeling human music perception. This network was developed based on the computational neuroscience theory of recurrent interactions in the hierarchical visual cortex.…

The past entropy is considered as an uncertainty measure for the past lifetime distribution. Generating function approach to entropy become popular in recent time as it generate several well-known entropy measures. In this paper, we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Smitha S. , Sudheesh K Kattumannil

We study empirical scaling laws for language model performance on the cross-entropy loss. The loss scales as a power-law with model size, dataset size, and the amount of compute used for training, with some trends spanning more than seven…

To efficiently evaluate system reliability based on Monte Carlo simulation, importance sampling is used widely. The optimal importance sampling density was derived in 1950s for the deterministic simulation model, which maps an input to an…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-04 Quoc Dung Cao , Youngjun Choe

Listwise learning-to-rank methods form a powerful class of ranking algorithms that are widely adopted in applications such as information retrieval. These algorithms learn to rank a set of items by optimizing a loss that is a function of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Sebastian Bruch

Recently, substantial research efforts in Deep Metric Learning (DML) focused on designing complex pairwise-distance losses, which require convoluted schemes to ease optimization, such as sample mining or pair weighting. The standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Malik Boudiaf , Jérôme Rony , Imtiaz Masud Ziko , Eric Granger , Marco Pedersoli , Pablo Piantanida , Ismail Ben Ayed