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The beam condition monitoring leakage (BCML) system is a beam monitoring device in the compact muon solenoid (CMS) experiment at the large hadron collider (LHC). As detectors 32 poly-crystalline (pCVD) diamond sensors are positioned in…
The study of protostellar collapse or infall has proven unusually difficult and controversial. Some historical context will be provided, against which recent advances can be measured. We now have a substantial number of objects with…
The activity of magnetars is powered by their intense and dynamic magnetic fields and has been proposed as the trigger to extragalactic Fast Radio Bursts. Here we estimate the frequency of crustal failures in young magnetars, by computing…
The present work examines the role of instability and diffusive phenomena in controlling the limits of detonations subject to lateral strain rates. Experiments were conducted in hydrocarbon-oxygen mixtures with varying levels of cellular…
Underground CO2 storage operations may lead to induced seismicity, which can be partially related to nearby affected faults. Considering the storage potential in the Middle Buntsandstein sandstone formation on the West Schleswig Block…
GHOST, like the longest-chain protocol, is a chain selection protocol and its capability in resisting selfish mining attack has been validated in imperfect blockchains of Bitcoin and its variants (Bitcoin-like). This paper explores an…
Fracturing in reservoir rocks is an important issue for the petroleum industry - as productivity can be enhanced by a controlled fracturing operation. Fracturing also has a big impact on CO2 storage, geothermal installation and gas…
Fracture coalescence is a critical phenomenon for creating large fractures from smaller flaws, affecting fracture network flow and seismic energy release potential. In this paper, simulations of fracture coalescence processes in granite…
A new combined sub-filter scale turbulence and shock-capturing model is developed for high-order finite volume numerics, extending previous work to unstructured solvers. Block Spectral Stresses (BSS) method relies on the spectra of the…
Construction sites frequently require removing large rocks before excavation or grading can proceed. Human operators typically extract these boulders using only standard digging buckets, avoiding time-consuming tool changes to specialized…
Earthquake monitoring is vital for understanding the physics of earthquakes and assessing seismic hazards. A standard monitoring workflow includes the interrelated and interdependent tasks of phase picking, association, and location.…
We propose a dynamical model for the estimation of Operational Risk in banking institutions. Operational Risk is the risk that a financial loss occurs as the result of failed processes. Examples of operational losses are the ones generated…
At a geologic CO2 sequestration (GCS) site, geologic uncertainty usually leads to large uncertainty in the predictions of properties that influence metrics for leakage risk assessment, such as CO2 saturations and pressures in potentially…
The hydrodynamic stability of deflagration and detonation bubbles for a first order electroweak and QCD phase transition has been discussed recently with the suggestion that detonations are stable. We examine here the case of a detonation…
We develop a model for point processes on the real line, where the intensity can be locally unbounded without inducing an explosion. In contrast to an orderly point process, for which the probability of observing more than one event over a…
Recent rapid developments in reinforcement learning algorithms have been giving us novel possibilities in many fields. However, due to their exploring property, we have to take the risk into consideration when we apply those algorithms to…
Orbital debris is a pressing problem which presents a danger to global space operations and a barrier to continued development of the space economy and space infrastructure. As research continues regarding orbital debris, there is a need…
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has emerged as the most effective method to curb the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. It can store up to 5 billion tons of CO2 per year. To guarantee a safe and economical geological storage, the well…
Stratum, the de-facto mining communication protocol used by blockchain based cryptocurrency systems, enables miners to reliably and efficiently fetch jobs from mining pool servers. In this paper we exploit Stratum's lack of encryption to…
The mixing of magmas is a fundamental process in the Earth system causing extreme compositional variations in igneous rocks. This process can develop with different intensities both in space and time, making the interpretation of…