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Using scanning tunnel microscopy (STM), we investigate the superconductivity and vortex properties in topological insulator Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ thin films grown on the iron-based superconductor FeTe$_{0.55}$Se$_{0.45}$. The proximity-induced…
The transition-metal-based kagome metals provide a versatile platform for correlated topological phases hosting various electronic instabilities. While superconductivity is rare in layered kagome compounds, its interplay with nontrivial…
The discovery and precise manipulation of atomic-size conductive ferroelectric domain defects, such as geometrically confined walls, offer new opportunities for a wide range of prospective electronic devices, and the so-called walltronics…
In the early 2000s, low dimensional systems were predicted to have topologically nontrivial polar structures, such as vortices or skyrmions, depending on mechanical or electrical boundary conditions. A few variants of these structures have…
Polar topology, an analogue of the magnetic topology, serves as a large playground for exotic physical phenomena with a wide range of multifunctional applications. Polar vortices and skyrmions are representative polar topologies that have…
Nontrivial topological structures offer rich playground in condensed matter physics including fluid dynamics, superconductivity, and ferromagnetism, and they promise alternative device configurations for post-Moore spintronics and…
The wealth of complex polar topologies recently found in nanoscale ferroelectrics result from a delicate balance between the materials intrinsic tendency to develop a homogeneous polarization and the electric and mechanic boundary…
In three dimensions, quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) transport has traditionally been associated with systems featuring a Q1D chain structure. Here, based on first-principle calculations, we go beyond this understanding to show that the Q1D…
Topological magnetic textures such as vortex cores or skyrmions are key candidates for non-volatile information processing. This exploits the texture movement by current pulses that is typically opposed by pinning. A detailed understanding…
Polar metals, materials in which electric polarisation and metallicity coexist, are exceptionally rare because itinerant electrons screen long-range dipoles and favour centrosymmetric structures. Engineering polar textures in a conducting…
Ferroelectric vortices formed through complex lattice-charge interactions have great potential in applications for future nanoelectronics such as memories. For practical applications, it is crucial to manipulate these topological states…
The ability to controllably manipulate the complex topological polar configurations, such as polar flux-closure via external stimuli, enables many applications in electromechanical devices and nanoelectronics including high-density…
When the impurity mean free path is short, only spin-polarized Cooper pairs which are non-locally and antisymmetrically correlated in time may exist in a half-metallic ferromagnet. As a consequence, the half-metal acts as an odd-frequency…
We study the diffusive motion of low-energy normal quasiparticles along the core of a single vortex in a dirty, type-II, s-wave superconductor. The physics of this system is argued to be described by a one-dimensional supersymmetric…
When materials are patterned in three dimensions, there exist opportunities to tailor and create functionalities associated with an increase in complexity, the breaking of symmetries, and the introduction of curvature and non-trivial…
We have investigated the confinement of 3-D vortices in specific cases of Type-II ($\kappa = 2$) nano-superconducting devices. The emergent pattern of vortices greatly depends on the orientation of an applied magnetic field (transverse or…
Vortex lines, known as topological defects, are cable of trapping Majorana modes in superconducting topological materials. Previous studies have primarily focused on topological bands with conventional s-wave pairing. However, topological…
Superconductivity is inevitably suppressed in reduced dimensionality. Questions of how thin superconducting wires or films can be before they lose their superconducting properties have important technological ramifications and go to the…
Polar topological structures in ferroelectric thin films have recently drawn significant interest due to their fascinating physical behaviors and promising applications in high-density nonvolatile memories. However, most polar topological…
Ferroelectrics are characterized by domain structures as are other ferroics. At the nanoscale though, ferroelectrics may exhibit non-trivial or exotic polarization configurations under proper electrostatic and elastic conditions. These…