English
Related papers

Related papers: Impact of Global Data Assimilation System atmosphe…

200 papers

Atmospheric aerosols influence the Earth's climate, primarily by affecting cloud formation and scattering visible radiation. However, aerosol-related physical processes in climate simulations are highly uncertain. Constraining these…

Sea ice plays a crucial role in the climate system, particularly in the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ), a transitional area consisting of fragmented ice between the open ocean and consolidated pack ice. As the MIZ expands, understanding its…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-10-31 Changhong Mou , Samuel N. Stechmann , Nan Chen

In atmospheric and turbulent flow modeling, Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is often used to reduce computational cost, while observational data typically originates from the underlying physical system. Motivated by this setting, we study a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Adam Larios , Ali Pakzad , Nicholas White

In-situ ocean wave observations are critical to improve model skill and validate remote sensing wave measurements. Historically, such observations are extremely sparse due to the large costs and complexity of traditional wave buoys and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-03-11 Pieter B. Smit , Isabel A. Houghton , Kalina Jordanova , Thomas Portwood , Evan Shapiro , David Clark , Michael Sosa , Tim T. Janssen

There has been a recent surge in development of accurate machine learning (ML) weather prediction models, but evaluation of these models has mainly been focused on medium-range forecasts, not their performance in cycling data assimilation…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-12-25 Laura C. Slivinski , Jeffrey S. Whitaker , Sergey Frolov , Timothy A. Smith , Niraj Agarwal

Deep learning has advanced weather forecasting, but accurate predictions first require identifying the current state of the atmosphere from observational data. In this work, we introduce Appa, a score-based data assimilation model…

Numerical weather prediction requires initial estimates of the atmospheric state. Since the atmospheric density field is intricately woven into the atmosphere's governing equations, advancing atmospheric density estimation will improve…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 William Luszczak , Man-Yau Chan

The goal of this article is to make automatic data assimilation for a landslide tsunami model, given by the coupling between a non-hydrostatic multi-layer shallow-water and a Savage-Hutter granular landslide model for submarine avalanches.…

The paper presents experiments of driving a physics-based thermosphere model by assimilating electron density (Ne) and temperature (Tn) data using the ensemble adjustment Kalman filter (EAKF) technique. This study not only helps to gauge…

Space Physics · Physics 2019-03-22 Timothy Kodikara , Kefei Zhang

Complex systems are often described with competing models. Such divergence of interpretation on the system may stem from model fidelity, mathematical simplicity, and more generally, our limited knowledge of the underlying processes.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-07-21 Lun Yang , Akil Narayan , Peng Wang

Data assimilation (DA) is a fundamental component of modern weather prediction, yet it remains a major computational bottleneck in machine learning (ML)-based forecasting pipelines due to reliance on traditional variational methods. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Ran Cheng , Lailai Zhu

We introduce a data assimilation strategy aimed at accurately capturing key non-Gaussian structures in probability distributions using a small ensemble size. A major challenge in statistical forecasting of nonlinearly coupled multiscale…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-01 Di Qi , Jian-Guo Liu

Deriving thermophysical properties such as thermal inertia from thermal infrared observations provides useful insights into the structure of the surface material on planetary bodies. The estimation of these properties is usually done by…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-08 M. Hamm , I. Pelivan , M. Grott , J. de Wiljes

Soil moisture conditions can influence the evolution of a tropical cyclone (TC) that is partially or completely over land. Hence, better constraining soil moisture initial conditions in a numerical weather prediction model can potentially…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Jana Kolassa , Manisha Ganeshan , Erica McGrath-Spangler , Oreste Reale , Rolf Reichle , Sara Q. Zhang

Data Assimilation is a cornerstone of atmospheric system modeling, tasked with reconstructing system states by integrating sparse, noisy observations with prior estimation. While traditional approaches like variational and ensemble Kalman…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hao Wang , Zixuan Weng , Jindong Han , Wei Fan , Hao Liu

We seek statistical methods to study the occurrence of multiple rain types observed by satellite on a global scale. The main scientific interests are to relate rainfall occurrence with various atmospheric state variables and to study the…

Applications · Statistics 2018-01-03 Mikyoung Jun , Courtney Schumacher , R. Saravanan

This study aims at introducing two conservative thermodynamic variables (moist-air entropy potential temperature and total water content) into a one-dimensional variational data assimilation system (1D-Var) to demonstrate the benefit for…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-04-12 Pascal Marquet , Pauline Martinet , Jean-François Mahfouf , Alina Lavinia Barbu , Benjamin Ménétrier

Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), a possible climate engineering strategy where reflective particles are injected into the stratosphere, has been explored to mitigate global warming and its associated risks, such as the intensification…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Cameron Dong , James W. Hurrell , Elizabeth A. Barnes

The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program is a U.S. Department of Energy project that collects meteorological observations at several locations around the world in order to study how weather processes affect global climate change. As…

Applications · Statistics 2013-12-02 Joseph Guinness , Michael L. Stein

Continuous data assimilation (CDA) is successfully implemented for the first time for efficient dynamical downscaling of a global atmospheric reanalysis. A comparison of the performance of CDA with the standard grid and spectral nudging…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2019-07-31 Srinivas Desamsetti , Hari Prasad Dasari , Sabique Langodan , Edriss S Titi , Omar Knio , Ibrahim Hoteit