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We study the entropy of Chinese and English texts, based on characters in case of Chinese texts and based on words for both languages. Significant differences are found between the languages and between different personal styles of debating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-17 R. R. Xie , W. B. Deng , D. J. Wang , L. P. Csernai

This study presents a fascinating linguistic property related to the number of letters in words and their corresponding numerical values. By selecting any arbitrary word, counting its constituent letters, and subsequently spelling out the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Krishna Chaitanya Polavaram

Distributed word representations are very useful for capturing semantic information and have been successfully applied in a variety of NLP tasks, especially on English. In this work, we innovatively develop two component-enhanced Chinese…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-28 Yanran Li , Wenjie Li , Fei Sun , Sujian Li

Typography is a ubiquitous art form that affects our understanding, perception, and trust in what we read. Thousands of different font-faces have been created with enormous variations in the characters. In this paper, we learn the style of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-15 Shumeet Baluja

Traditional linguistic theories have largely regard language as a formal system composed of rigid rules. However, their failures in processing real language, the recent successes in statistical natural language processing, and the findings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Shuiyuan Yu , Chunshan Xu , Haitao Liu

Unlike English letters, Chinese characters have rich and specific meanings. Usually, the meaning of a word can be derived from its constituent characters in some way. Several previous works on syntactic parsing propose to annotate shallow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Chen Gong , Saihao Huang , Houquan Zhou , Zhenghua Li , Min Zhang , Zhefeng Wang , Baoxing Huai , Nicholas Jing Yuan

Recent observations in the theory of verse and empirical metrics have suggested that constructing a verse line involves a pattern-matching search through a source text, and that the number of found elements (complete words totaling a…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hideaki Aoyama , John Constable

Understanding what linguistic components (e.g., phonological, semantic, and orthographic systems) modulate Chinese handwriting at the character, radical, and stroke levels remains an important yet understudied topic. Additionally, there is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zebo Xu , Shaoyun Yu , Mark Torrance , Guido Nottbusch , Nan Zhao , Zhenguang Cai

Chinese text segmentation is a well-known and difficult problem. On one side, there is not a simple notion of "word" in Chinese language making really hard to implement rule-based systems to segment written texts, thus lexicons and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Daniel Gayo-Avello

As is the case of many signals produced by complex systems, language presents a statistical structure that is balanced between order and disorder. Here we review and extend recent results from quantitative characterisations of the degree of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-03-05 Marcelo A Montemurro , Damián H Zanette

We consider three major text sources about the Tang Dynasty of China in our experiments that aim to segment text written in classical Chinese. These corpora include a collection of Tang Tomb Biographies, the New Tang Book, and the Old Tang…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Chao-Lin Liu , Chang-Ting Chu , Wei-Ting Chang , Ti-Yong Zheng

In this article, we investigate the properties of phoneme N-grams across half of the world's languages. We investigate if the sizes of three different N-gram distributions of the world's language families obey a power law. Further, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-01-07 Taraka Rama , Lars Borin

This paper presents a quantitative approach to studying linguistic and cultural change in China during the first half of the twentieth century, a period that remains understudied in computational humanities research. The dramatic changes in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Spencer Dean Stewart

Given a random text over a finite alphabet, we study the frequencies at which fixed-length words occur as subsequences. As the data size grows, the joint distribution of word counts exhibits a rich asymptotic structure. We investigate all…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Chaim Even-Zohar , Tsviqa Lakrec , Ran J. Tessler

Zipf's law on word frequency is observed in English, French, Spanish, Italian, and so on, yet it does not hold for Chinese, Japanese or Korean characters. A model for writing process is proposed to explain the above difference, which takes…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-05-03 Linyuan Lu , Zi-Ke Zhang , Tao Zhou

The word-frequency distribution of a text written by an author is well accounted for by a maximum entropy distribution, the RGF (random group formation)-prediction. The RGF-distribution is completely determined by the a priori values of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-10-03 Xiao-Yong Yan , Petter Minnhagen

Large-scale comparisons between the poetry of Tang and Song dynasties shed light on how words, collocations, and expressions were used and shared among the poets. That some words were used only in the Tang poetry and some only in the Song…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Chao-Lin Liu , Kuo-Feng Luo

In constituency parsing, span-based decoding is an important direction. However, for Chinese sentences, because of their linguistic characteristics, it is necessary to utilize other models to perform word segmentation first, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Zhicheng Wang , Tianyu Shi , Cong Liu

Statistical studies of languages have focused on the rank-frequency distribution of words. Instead, we introduce here a measure of how word ranks change in time and call this distribution \emph{rank diversity}. We calculate this diversity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-05-15 Germinal Cocho , Jorge Flores , Carlos Gershenson , Carlos Pineda , Sergio Sánchez

We demonstrate that large texts, representing human (English, Russian, Ukrainian) and artificial (C++, Java) languages, display quantitative patterns characterized by the Benford-like and Zipf laws. The frequency of a word following the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Evgeny Shulzinger , Irina Legchenkova , Edward Bormashenko