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We survey the mathematical foundations of geometric deep learning, focusing on group equivariant and gauge equivariant neural networks. We develop gauge equivariant convolutional neural networks on arbitrary manifolds $\mathcal{M}$ using…

Invariance under symmetry is an important problem in machine learning. Our paper looks specifically at equivariant neural networks where transformations of inputs yield homomorphic transformations of outputs. Here, steerable CNNs have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Daniel Franzen , Michael Wand

We describe generalizations of the universal approximation theorem for neural networks to maps invariant or equivariant with respect to linear representations of groups. Our goal is to establish network-like computational models that are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-30 Dmitry Yarotsky

In recent years, neural implicit representations have made remarkable progress in modeling of 3D shapes with arbitrary topology. In this work, we address two key limitations of such representations, in failing to capture local 3D geometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Yunlu Chen , Basura Fernando , Hakan Bilen , Matthias Nießner , Efstratios Gavves

We introduce Clifford Group Equivariant Neural Networks: a novel approach for constructing $\mathrm{O}(n)$- and $\mathrm{E}(n)$-equivariant models. We identify and study the $\textit{Clifford group}$, a subgroup inside the Clifford algebra…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 David Ruhe , Johannes Brandstetter , Patrick Forré

Latent representations are used extensively for downstream tasks, such as visualization, interpolation or feature extraction of deep learning models. Invariant and equivariant neural networks are powerful and well-established models for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Andreas Abildtrup Hansen , Anna Calissano , Aasa Feragen

Convolutional networks are successful, but they have recently been outperformed by new neural networks that are equivariant under rotations and translations. These new networks work better because they do not struggle with learning each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Philip Müller , Vladimir Golkov , Valentina Tomassini , Daniel Cremers

Quantum neural network architectures that have little-to-no inductive biases are known to face trainability and generalization issues. Inspired by a similar problem, recent breakthroughs in machine learning address this challenge by…

In this paper, we introduce group convolutional neural networks (GCNNs) equivariant to color variation. GCNNs have been designed for a variety of geometric transformations from 2D and 3D rotation groups, to semi-groups such as scale.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yulong Yang , Felix O'Mahony , Christine Allen-Blanchette

We introduce tensor field neural networks, which are locally equivariant to 3D rotations, translations, and permutations of points at every layer. 3D rotation equivariance removes the need for data augmentation to identify features in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Nathaniel Thomas , Tess Smidt , Steven Kearnes , Lusann Yang , Li Li , Kai Kohlhoff , Patrick Riley

3D Euclidean symmetry equivariant neural networks have demonstrated notable success in modeling complex physical systems. We introduce a framework for relaxed $E(3)$ graph equivariant neural networks that can learn and represent symmetry…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Elyssa Hofgard , Rui Wang , Robin Walters , Tess Smidt

Group convolutional neural networks (G-CNNs) have been shown to increase parameter efficiency and model accuracy by incorporating geometric inductive biases. In this work, we investigate the properties of representations learned by regular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 David M. Knigge , David W. Romero , Erik J. Bekkers

Extending the translation equivariance property of convolutional neural networks to larger symmetry groups has been shown to reduce sample complexity and enable more discriminative feature learning. Further, exploiting additional symmetries…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Lisa Weijler , Pedro Hermosilla

Convolutional neural networks revolutionized computer vision and natrual language processing. Their efficiency, as compared to fully connected neural networks, has its origin in the architecture, where convolutions reflect the translation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Patrick Krüger , Hanno Gottschalk

The principle of translation equivariance (if an input image is translated an output image should be translated by the same amount), led to the development of convolutional neural networks that revolutionized machine vision. Other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zachary Schlamowitz , Andrew Bennecke , Daniel J. Tward

Group equivariant neural networks have proven effective in modelling a wide range of tasks where the data lives in a classical geometric space and exhibits well-defined group symmetries. However, these networks are not suitable for learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Edward Pearce-Crump

In this work we obtain the general form of polynomial mappings that commute with a linear action of a relative symmetry group. The aim is to give results for relative equivariant polynomials that correspond to the results for relative…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-11-25 Patricia Hernandes Baptistelli , Miriam Manoel

The coincidence between polynomial neural networks and matrix Lie maps is discussed in the article. The matrix form of Lie transform is an approximation of the general solution of the nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations. It…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Andrei Ivanov , Sergei Andrianov

In many real-world applications of regression, conditional probability estimation, and uncertainty quantification, exploiting symmetries rooted in physics or geometry can dramatically improve generalization and sample efficiency. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Daniel Ordoñez-Apraez , Vladimir Kostić , Alek Fröhlich , Vivien Brandt , Karim Lounici , Massimiliano Pontil

We introduce ChebLieNet, a group-equivariant method on (anisotropic) manifolds. Surfing on the success of graph- and group-based neural networks, we take advantage of the recent developments in the geometric deep learning field to derive a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Hugo Aguettaz , Erik J. Bekkers , Michaël Defferrard